A partir de uma perspetiva interseccional, a conversa aborda a racialização da violência sexual, a forma como certos discursos mediáticos e políticos produzem medo e desinformação, a invisibilização das vítimas migrantes e o impacto das desigualdades sociais no acesso à proteção e à justiça.

Luísa Semedo nasceu em Lisboa, em 1977, filha de mãe portuguesa e pai cabo-verdiano. Viveu até aos 24 anos no Bairro da Serafina, antes de emigrar para França, onde nasceram os seus dois filhos.

É doutorada em Filosofia pela Universidade Paris-Sorbonne e tem desenvolvido uma intensa atividade como investigadora, escritora, ativista e dirigente associativa. Presidiu à Philo’Ensemble, à Migracult, à AGRAFr — Associação dos Graduados Portugueses em França — e à CCPF — Coordenação das Coletividades Portuguesas de França. Foi Conselheira das Comunidades Portuguesas e presidiu ao Conselho Regional da Europa do Conselho das Comunidades Portuguesas.

Lecionou na Universidade Clermont-Auvergne e foi docente de Filosofia no ensino secundário. Tem uma presença regular nos media portugueses, com uma coluna de opinião no Público. É atualmente investigadora em questões AfroQueer, investigadora associada no CREPAL — Centre de Recherches sur les Pays Lusophones, da Université Sorbonne Nouvelle — e colabora com o Queer Research Hub da Universidade de Lisboa.

A partir da experiência da APAV no apoio às vítimas-sobreviventes, esta conversa aborda temas como o trauma, a denúncia, a prevenção e o acesso a apoio psicológico e jurídico.

Fala-se também do papel dos media: tanto na consciencialização pública sobre a violência sexual como nos riscos de revitimização.

Natália Cardoso é licenciada em Direito pela Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Coimbra. Iniciou o seu percurso na APAV como voluntária em 1994 e é Gestora do Gabinete de Apoio à Vítima de Coimbra desde 1997. Além do trabalho direto com vítimas de crime, colaborou em diversos projetos de prevenção da violência com públicos diversos.

Ficha técnica

Conceção e supervisão editorial dos guiões: Sofia José Santos
Guiões e condução das entrevistas: Alexandre Sousa Carvalho (Ep. 5), Júlia Garraio (Eps. 1, 2, 10, 12, 13, 14), Lara Ximenes (Ep. 3) e Rita Alcaire (Eps. 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15)
Produção executiva: Rita Alcaire
Edição e pós-produção áudio: João Alexandre
Música original: Axon Terminal – Out To The World [Epidemic Sound]
Identidade gráfica: Rita Alcaire, com apoio de ferramentas de IA generativa

Financiamento/Enquadramento

Atividade no âmbito dos projetos de investigação UnCoveR – “Violência sexual nas paisagens mediáticas portuguesas” (https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.03964.PTDC) e Dis/entangling Rape: Sexual Violence in Portuguese literature and cinema in the 21st century (https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.05885.CEECIND/CP1754/CT0003). A investigação foi também desenvolvida no âmbito do projeto individual de pós-doutoramento ENGAGE – Promoção da igualdade de género e da justiça social através da comunicação de ciência social e do transmedia storytelling.

Agradecimentos

Agradecemos, em primeiro lugar, a todas as pessoas entrevistadas pela generosidade com que partilharam o seu tempo, o seu conhecimento e as suas experiências. Agradecemos também a Sónia Nunes pelo apoio à gravação do episódio com Cláudia Rita Oliveira no TAGV e à equipa técnica do TAGV pela gravação da entrevista com Susana C. Gaspar, no âmbito do Ciclo Ressonâncias, em outubro de 2024.

Utilizam a arte à sua maneira. Uma, experimentando métodos de educação não formal; o outro, criando uma plataforma onde os jovens podem questionar a sociedade. Mas partilham a mesma missão: ajudar os jovens a crescer mais fortes, mais confiantes e plenamente conscientes de que as suas vozes importam.

Esta conversa faz parte de uma série de 8 episódios (Out 2025 – Primavera 2026), dando palco a 12 estudos de caso em seis regiões periféricas da Europa: artistas, empreendedores/as culturais e organizadores/as comunitários/as que estão a promover novas formas de desenvolvimento cultural.

The power of art and creativity to transform young lives is impossible to ignore. Just ask Rita Silva (Transmalhar) and Shane O’Malley (The Voice of Youth)—two bold, boundary-pushing creators who shape their work with young people.

They use art in their own ways. One experimenting with non-formal education methods, the other creating a platform for young people to question society, but they share the same mission: to help youth grow stronger, more confident, and fully aware that their voices matter.

This conversation is part of an 8-episode series (Oct 2025–Spring 2026), featuring voices from 12 case studies across six non-urban regions in Europe: artists, cultural entrepreneurs, and community organisers shaping new pathways for culture-based development.

Credits:
Host: Sílvia Silva
Guests: Rita Serra e Silva (Transmalhar, Portugal) and Shane O’Malley (The Voice of Youth, Ireland)
Production Support: Paola Di Nunzio
Post-production: Sofia Relvão and Sílvia Silva
Script: Maria Batle

Nesta conversa, Sabīne Vandāna (Valmiera County Manor Network) e Niko Tiainen (Mapsion) refletem sobre formas de reinventar o património cultural, com enfoque no envolvimento das comunidades e na experimentação de novas práticas artísticas. A discussão destaca o papel das práticas culturais na criação de ligações entre pessoas, territórios e oportunidades.

Heritage isn’t just about looking back at the past… It’s something we can build on to shape a better future.

In this conversation, Sabīne Vandāna (Valmiera County Manor Network) and Niko Tiainen (Mapsion) talk about engaging communities, experimenting with new art forms, and finding ways to bring culture closer to people’s everyday lives.

Credits:
Host: Maria Batle
Guests: Sabīne Vandāna (Valmiera County Manor Network, Latvia) and Niko Tiainen (Mapsion, Finland)
Production Support: Sílvia Silva
Post-production: Sofia Relvão and Maria Batle
Script: Maria Batle

Join Luís Filipe Borges (⁠Work in Progress⁠) and Krešimir Grubić (⁠Repertoar⁠) as they lay out the challenges of creating in non-urban contexts, and show how bold, innovative approaches can turn constraints into opportunities.

Credits:
Host: Sílvia Silva
Guests: Luís Filipe Borges (⁠Work in Progress, Portugal⁠) and Krešimir Grubić (⁠Repertoar⁠, Croatia)
Production Support: Maria Batle
Post-production Editing: Sofia Relvão and Maria Batle
Script: Sílvia Silva

 

Credits:
Host: Sílvia Silva
Guests: Esther Blodau (Gort Arts, Ireland) and Marta Vētra (LAUX, Latvia)
Production Support: Maria Batle
Editing & Sound Design: –
Script: Sílvia Silva

Bem-vindos ao primeiro episódio de IN SITU Dialogues! Para dar início à série, mergulhamos no coração do projeto IN SITU com Nancy Duxbury e Mark Rainey. Juntos, traçam o enquadramento das conversas que se seguem, explorando os objetivos do projeto e o papel dos IN SITU Labs na promoção da criatividade em regiões afastadas das grandes metrópoles. A conversa aborda as razões pelas quais as indústrias culturais e criativas nestas áreas merecem mais atenção, o que torna especial trabalhar fora dos grandes centros urbanos e como a criatividade local pode impulsionar novas formas de inovação e desenvolvimento comunitário..

Credits:
Host: Maria Batle
Guests: Nancy Duxbury (Centre for Social Studies, Portugal), and Mark Rainey (University of Galway, Ireland)
Production Support: Sílvia Silva
Editing & Sound Design: Vasco Santos
Script: Maria Batle
 

Quem somos nós, portugueses, no pós-império? De que Europa é esta que falamos? O que fazer com a herança? Num contexto de intensas disputas históricas e memoriais, o último episódio deste podcast procura refletir sobre estas questões a partir das complexas noções de reparação e restituição. Com Roberto Vecchi, António Pinto Ribeiro, Judith Elseviers, Nú Barreto e Djamel Kokene-Dórleans.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio Carvalho. Dobragem de vozes: Judith Elseviers por Cátia Soares e Djamel Kokene-Dórleans por Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA. Podem ouvir ou recordar para memória futura todos os programas em Apple Podcasts, Spotify e noutras plataformas de podcasts ou em reimaginaraeuropa.ces.uc.pt. Partilhem-nos, comentem, avaliem. Até à próxima!

Sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, António Pinto (2021), “A restituição”, in António Sousa Ribeiro (org.), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento, 115-131.

Vecchi, Roberto (2021), “Reconstruir, verbo não só transitivo”, Memoirs newsletter, 140.

Estávamos em meados dos anos 1990 quando Aimé deixa o país e vai viver para a Bélgica. Aí, confronta-se com o racismo e o preconceito, e a invisibilização das artes oriundas do continente africano. Decide-se então por uma abordagem que, não obstante ter um pé nas artes contemporâneas europeias, faz explícita vinculação à África negra, questionando o estatuto subalterno deste universo artístico.

Artista visual e curador, hoje a vida de Aimé Mpane divide-se entre Bruxelas e Kinshasa. Uma identidade que deambula – talvez pudéssemos descrever assim a matriz plural em que se sustenta o artista. Não será por acaso que António Pinto Ribeiro o identifica como “o artista da relação”, que cria pontes entre o passado e o presente, entre a Europa e África, entre o individual e o coletivo. Mas ninguém melhor do que o próprio Aimé Mpane para nos contar o que significa, de facto, para ele, navegar entre duas culturas e dois espaços geográficos e afetivos distintos. Ouçamo-lo no 17º episódio do “Em Memória da Memória”.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A dobragem da voz de Aimé Mpane é de Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Bluard, Christine; Verbergt, Bruno (2021), “O AfricaMuseum e os Artistas Contemporâneos: da necessidade de abrir coleções e arquivos à criação artística”, in Europa Oxalá - Ensaios. Porto: Afrontamento, 111-122.

Conink, François de (2021), “Aimé Mpane”, in Europa Oxalá – Catálogo. Porto: Afrontamento, 30-31.

Ribeiro, António Pinto (2021), “Aimé Mpane, o artista da relação”, in Novo Mundo. Arte contemporânea no tempo da pós-memória. Porto: Afrontamento, 171-185.

Ao criticar o colonialismo, o imperialismo e o capitalismo, o trabalho de John K. Cobra desafia as relações entre poder e silêncio, opressão e resistência, entre trauma e testemunho. Foi o caso de “Trans-arquitetura”, o nome comum às instalações que criou para a exposição Europa Oxalá. Sobre tudo isto e muito mais, fala-nos hoje no mais recente episódio do “Em Memória da Memória”.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio Carvalho. A voz de Roland Gunst é dobrada por Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Bourne-Farrell, Cécile (2021), “Virar a História do avesso”, in Europa Oxalá - Livro de Ensaios. Porto: Afrontamento, 91-108.

Conink, François de (2021), “John K. Cobra”, in Europa Oxalá – Catálogo. Porto: Afrontamento, 44-45.

Ribeiro, António Pinto (2021), “John K. Cobra, uma obra afropolitana”, in Novo Mundo. Arte contemporânea no tempo da pós-memória. Porto: Afrontamento, 139-150.

Oriundo de uma família multirracial constituída por angolanos e portugueses, com seis gerações nascidas em Angola, Márcio Carvalho nasceu em 1981 já em Lagos, Portugal. É artista visual, curador de arte contemporânea, ilustrador e vive atualmente entre Berlim e Portugal.

O seu trabalho, recorrendo a diferentes suportes e linguagens, situa-se nas interseções entre a memória individual e a memória coletiva, entre poder e silêncio, entre lembrar e esquecer. “If my grandmother was a historian / Se a minha avó fosse historiadora” propõe-se pensar no que significa contar a história a partir de outros sujeitos, outras vozes, outras geografias e de outras disciplinas, e sobre o que esse gesto pode trazer de distinto aos movimentos de interpelação do passado e do presente.

Muitos dos seus trabalhos desafiam a memória celebratória associada a estátuas, toponímia e monumentos coloniais que ainda povoam muitas cidades europeias, e localidades um pouco por todo o mundo. Poder-se-ia dizer que as suas obras são, nessa medida, uma espécie de contra-monumento, desafiando narrativas dominantes e até a ideia do monumento e do arquivo como espaços estáticos e fixos. Em “Falling Thrones”, uma série de imagens que integrou a exposição Europa Oxalá, encontramos justapostas imagens a preto e branco de figuras do poder colonial como o rei Leopoldo da Bélgica, com as figuras coloridas de atletas negros que se destacaram também como militantes anticoloniais, num conflito de distintos corpos, experiências, memórias e heranças. Sobre tudo isso nos falará hoje no Em Memória da Memória, um podcast do projeto MAPS.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2023), “Heritage at Risk: Márcio de Carvalho”, Berlim: Camões – Centro Cultural Português.

Conink, François de (2021), “Márcio Carvalho”, in Europa Oxalá – Catálogo. Porto: Afrontamento, 52-53.

A decisão de deixar a Argélia não foi sua, mas dos pais, que tinham terminado o seu casamento quando ele ainda era muito pequeno. Nessa altura, o pai partiu para França e só o voltaria a ver com cerca de nove anos, quando ele retornou à Argélia para concluir o processo de divórcio. Nessa ocasião, decidiram que para dar melhores oportunidades de futuro a Djamel, que praticamente não tinha ainda frequentado a escola e que passava os dias como pastor, este deveria partir para França. Aos dez anos deixa, portanto, a Argélia e vai viver para a Bretanha com o pai e a sua nova mulher. A sua história familiar e as vivências da primeira infância e adolescência, diz, marcariam de forma determinante o seu caminho posterior e a sua forma de ver o mundo.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A dobragem da voz de Djamel Kokene-Dorléans é de Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Bideaud, Fabienne (2021), “Expor a memória dos símbolos, do corpo, das imagens: o possível vocabulário das/dos artistas afrodescendentes”, in Europa Oxalá - Ensaios. Porto: Afrontamento, 51-61

Conink, François de (2021), “Djamel Kokene-Dorléans”, in Europa Oxalá – Catálogo. Porto: Afrontamento, 38-39

As criações destes artistas geram uma reflexão única e inovadora sobre o racismo, a descolonização das artes, o papel da mulher na sociedade e a desconstrução do pensamento colonial nos espaços heterogéneos da Europa contemporânea. Alguns desses artistas passarão pelo podcast “Em Memória da Memória” durante as próximas semanas. Mas, antes disso, quisemos saber: o que representa uma exposição pioneira como Europa Oxalá para os campos da arte contemporânea e da história da arte europeias, ou mesmo para um renovado entendimento do mundo contemporâneo? António Pinto Ribeiro e Aimé Mpane, que comissariaram a exposição com Katia Kameli, contaram-nos o périplo que é montar uma exposição como esta e, pelo caminho, procuraram também responder a estas questões. A eles juntou-se, neste episódio, também o artista John K. Cobra, pseudónimo de Roland Gunst.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A dobragem das vozes de Aimé Mpane e John K. Cobra é de Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2022), "Europa Oxalá - contemporaneamente Europa", Mundo Crítico, 8, 49-62.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2021), “Europa Oxalá - um presente para o futuro”,  Europa Oxalá - Ensaios. Porto: Afrontamento, 63-78.

Ribeiro, António Pinto (2021), “A exposição Europa Oxalá”, Memoirs newsletter, 142.
 

Zia Soares é encenadora e atriz e foi uma das fundadoras do teatro Griot, companhia que dirigiu durante mais de dez anos. O trabalho de Zia e da companhia, pioneiro no contexto das artes performativas em Portugal, tornou-se, entre outros, num espaço de transgressão e de crítica, onde se reflete sobre a exclusão de pessoas racializadas, dos corpos negros e sobre a seletividade da História, que invisibiliza determinados discursos e narrativas. Faz escuro nos olhos, Os negros, O riso dos necrófagos e Uma dança das florestas são alguns dos espetáculos que produziram e estrearam ao longo do historial da companhia.

No Em Memória da Memória de hoje, história familiar e elementos biográficos entrelaçam-se com aspetos da memória pública e de responsabilidade coletiva.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. As canções neste episódio são originais de Xullaji para os espectáculos FANUN RUIN e O Riso dos Necrófagos (cortesia dos artistas). Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Soares, Zia (2019), “Contemporaneidades, artes performativas e financiamentos: anacronismos da linguagem”, Memoirs newsletter, 78.

Pinto Ribeiro, António (2019), “Negro por fora, vermelho por dentro - o Teatro Griot”, in Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Phillip Rothwell (org.), Heranças Pós-Coloniais nas literaturas em língua portuguesa. Porto: Edições Afrontamento, 335-348.

Conversámos com Graça dos Santos, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro, Nú Barreto, Paulo Faria e Paulo de Medeiros. E confirmámos que para muitas das pessoas que se assumem herdeiras de um passado do qual não são titulares em primeira mão, as fotografias, os mapas e as cartas são tão importantes quanto as palavras, as narrativas e os silêncios produzidos na geração anterior. Isso não equivale a dizer que os objetos não são importantes. São, na verdade, absolutamente centrais para o reelaborar e renovar do testemunho, um testemunho que se torna possível, precisamente, se mediado e construído, muitas vezes, a partir dos objetos do domínio privado e da linguagem íntima, mas também do poder simbólico do corpo.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2021), “Memórias, pós-memórias e objetos”, in António Sousa Ribeiro (org.), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento, 203-230.

Vecchi, Roberto (2020), “A ausência: o material da memória”, Memoirs newsletter, 91.

Santos, Graça dos (2019), “Glotofobia: da discriminação linguística ao racismo pelo sotaque”, Memoirs newsletter, 60.

Ariana Furtado nasceu em Cabo Verde em 1976 e veio viver para Portugal ainda bebé de colo. A sua biografia e a da sua família, ascendentes e descendentes, acabou por ocupar um lugar central no trabalho pedagógico e social que faz. Sobretudo na área da educação, vocação maior e plenamente cumprida. Professora do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico, tradutora de livros infantis e coautora do projeto “Com a mala na mão contra a discriminação”, Ariana contou-nos neste encontro um pouco mais dessas suas outras mil faces.

As vivências de Ariana, entre Cabo Verde e Portugal, configuram-se em labirintos que se lhe inscrevem no nome. São experiências marcadas na pele e que transportou para a sua biografia íntima, familiar e profissional. Essas heranças do império, e que o tempo não apaga, Ariana espera que se mitiguem na próxima geração, a da sua filha Madalena.
A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Santos, Hélia (2019), “Portugueses invisíveis”, Memoirs newsletter, 48.

No episódio de hoje, fui em busca de possíveis respostas para estas questões. Com Ariana Furtado, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro, Judith Elseviers, Paulo de Medeiros, Ana Paula Africano e António Sousa Ribeiro.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A voz de Judith Elseviers é dobrada por Cátia Soares. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), "Introdução: Des-Cobrir a Europa", in Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Fátima da Cruz Rodrigues (org.), Des-Cobrir a Europa - filhos de impérios e pós-memórias europeias. Porto: Afrontamento, 11-23.

Cardina, Miguel (2020), ⁠“Sujeito implicado: um conceito a explorar”⁠, Memoirs newsletter, 82.

Medeiros, Paulo (2020), ⁠“Herança de sombras: memória, pós-memória e responsabilidade em “Os Memoráveis” de Lídia Jorge”⁠, Colóquio/Letras, 79-97.

Ribeiro, António Sousa (2019), ⁠“Pós-memória e ressentimento”⁠, Memoirs newsletter, 76.
 

Conversámos com Amalia sobre a sua infância e sobre como cresceu a ouvir a palavra Argélia remetendo para um espaço nostálgico, de afetos, mágico, mas perdido. “França,” por sua vez, seria o lugar do frio, do abandono. Esses imaginários foram-se alterando com o tempo – muito fruto do seu trabalho posterior de cineasta e documentarista. Amalia falar-nos-á disso e de muito mais. Sobre como o seu avô paterno, por exemplo, a fez prometer que jamais regressaria à Argélia. Mas Amalia voltou, 50 anos mais tarde, mas voltou. E, desde aí, não mais deixou de lá voltar. Na ocasião em que primeiro regressou ao país fê-lo em trabalho. Queria contar a história da sua bisavó paterna, a quem deve o nome: Amalia Escriva.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A voz de Amalia Escriva é dobrada por Cátia Soares. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Ribeiro, António Pinto (2021) "Amalia Escriva, a realizadora que filma  o fim de um povo", in Novo Mundo - a arte contemporânea no tempo das pós-memória. Porto: Afrontamento, pp.13-26.

Vecchi, Roberto (2018), "Memórias familiares e memórias públicas: campos de batalha", Memoirs Newsletter , 16, 1-3.

A voz de Saïd Merabti é pausada e serena, seja quando evoca a sua infância na Argélia, onde nasceu em 1955, seja quando recorda a mudança para França, o país onde o seu pai se refugiou com a família em 1962, depois de proclamada a independência. O seu pai era harki. O termo, Saïd explica-lo-á, refere-se a uma pessoa, frequentemente de origem argelina, que colaborou com o exército francês durante a guerra da independência da Argélia.

As vivências dos anos da juventude nos bairros do norte de Marselha e aquelas que experienciou já na idade adulta fizeram-no um defensor da cultura berbere, um ativista antirracista e um cidadão ativo na criação, em França, de associações de harkis ou de familiares de harkis. Estima-se que perto de 60 mil harkis tenham ido para França depois da independência da Argélia. Aí, as suas condições de vida foram muito precárias, originando o sentimento de que eram desprezados, esquecidos e maltratados. Esta questão, que pode ser encarada como uma ferida ainda aberta, levou a que em 2021 o chefe de Estado francês pedisse publicamente desculpa a harkis e seus descendentes, a quem prometeu reconhecimento, reparações e reconciliação, embora sem adiantar grandes detalhes sobre como se iria desenrolar esse processo. A respeito destas e de outras difíceis heranças, ouçamos Saïd Merabti.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. A voz de Saïd Merabti é dobrada por Júlio Gomes. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2021), “Colonialismo, Descolonização, Pós-colonialismo - De Patrice Lumumba a Rhodes Must Fall”, in António Sousa Ribeiro (org.), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento, 29-52.

Rodrigues, Fátima da Cruz (2021), “Filhos de memórias encobertas”, in António Sousa Ribeiro (org.), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento, 147-166.

Vilar, Fernanda (2020), “Documentos falsos. Documentos salvos”, Memoirs newsletter, 86.

Os argelinos, franco-argelinos e seus descendentes reivindicam hoje espaço para narrativas que efetivamente contem as suas histórias, contornando as lacunas, os silêncios e as divergências das memórias não-contadas dos seus pais, mães, tios e avós. Mas, sobretudo, ambicionam construir narrativas que preencham as lacunas, os silêncios e as divergências presentes na narrativa oficial do Estado francês, em particular no que diz respeito à guerra da independência da Argélia. Durante largas décadas, assim o conta Graça dos Santos no podcast de hoje, o Estado francês recusou-se a nomear explicitamente o evento, e isso, diz-nos, é sintomático de um mal-estar latente.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Santos, Graça dos (2021), “Colonialismo, migrações e identidades pós-coloniais: um passado / presente francês”, in António Sousa Ribeiro (org.), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento, 97-113.

Brahim, Rachida (2020), “Morrer por ser. O racismo estrutural na França Contemporânea”, Memoirs newsletter, 84.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2020), "A marcha obscura da história: a França em questão ou o fim da liberdade como boa consciência", Iberografias: Revista de Estudos Ibéricos, 16, 389-398.

Delauney, Morgaine (2019), “O Estado francês e o Estado português perante a chegada dos pieds-noirs e dos retornados”, Memoirs newsletter, 81.

Vilar, Fernanda (2019), “Silêncios que viram arte”, Memoirs newsletter, 55.

Nota biográfica:

Graça dos Santos está radicada em França desde há mais de três décadas, onde chegou com apenas oito anos. É professora associada na Universidade Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, onde é diretora do Departamento de Estudos Lusófonos. Encenadora, atriz e professora de teatro, escreve sobre as noções de corpo físico/corpo social e sobre as representações cénicas do corpo e do povo. Cofundadora da companhia “Cá e Lá” (Compagnie bilingue français/portugais) tem desenvolvido um trabalho específico sobre o ator bilingue e sobre as conexões entre teatro e ensino das línguas. Faz parte da equipa do MAPS.

Verónica Leite e Castro é natural de Luanda, capital de Angola, onde nasceu em 1959. O seu pai era português e emigrou para Angola, onde dirigiu um estabelecimento comercial. Aí, viria a conhecer a mãe de Verónica, mulher angolana, nascida na província do Uíge, filha de pai português branco e de mãe negra bacongo do norte de Angola. Verónica Leite e Castro cresceu numa família de mulheres, tendo conhecido o pai apenas aos 16 anos, depois de vir viver para Portugal.

As circunstâncias de ter crescido com uma história familiar profundamente intrincada com o colonialismo e com as relações de poder e de violência racista, sexista e de classe que ele produz impactaram a sua vida posterior.

Quando se deu a revolução do 25 de abril de 1974, que pôs fim à ditadura em Portugal, ainda residia em Angola. No ano seguinte, veio viver para Portugal. Explica que não é retornada, que a sua história é diferente. Olhando para o caminho percorrido em termos de memória pública do colonialismo em Portugal, Verónica Leite e Castro destaca o modo como as heranças coloniais ainda moldam de forma determinante a sociedade portuguesa.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Santos, Hélia (2021), Traits de mémoires entre oublis: récits de deuxième génération à propos de la fin du colonialisme en Angola, in Graça dos Santos, José Manuel Esteves, Lina Iglesias, Gonçalo Plácido Cordeiro (org.), Voir/ Revoir - Revenir sur les traces, définir le présent : la péninsule Ibérique après les dictatures. Paris: Presses universitaires de Paris Nanterre, 63-80.

Medeiros, Paulo (2020), ⁠"Memórias Pós-imperiais: Luuanda, de José Luandino Vieira e Luanda, Lisboa, Paraíso, de Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida"⁠, Revista Língua-lugar: Literatura, História e Estudos Culturais, 1, 136-149.

Rodrigues, Fátima Cruz (2020), ⁠“Olha, eu não sou branca. Verónica de Fátima”⁠, Memoirs newsletter, 109. 

Paulo Faria nasceu em Lisboa em 1967. É escritor e tradutor literário e é muitíssimo provável que já se tenham deparado com o seu nome impresso lá em casa mais do que uma vez, nalgum dos livros de Cormac McCarthy, Charles Dickens ou George Orwell que verteu para português. Em memória da memória do pai, mas também de um passado do qual se assume como sujeito implicado, escreveu dois romances – e outros textos – em torno dos legados da guerra colonial.

No podcast do projeto MAPS conversamos com Paulo Faria sobre silêncios, heranças e sobre as razões que explicam como para descobrir o pai, foi preciso primeiro descobrir a guerra: uma guerra contra o esquecimento, uma guerra com o luto, uma guerra contra o trauma, uma guerra consigo mesmo, uma guerra contra os modos como ainda hoje se pensa e conta este acontecimento em Portugal. Sobre tudo isso nos falará Paulo Faria no Em Memória da Memória.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.
 

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Cammaert, F. Passados Reapropriados: pós-memória e literatura. Porto: Afrontamento. 2022.

Cammaert, Felipe (2021), “Cristalizações de memórias alheias: A Guerra Colonial na escrita da pós-memória de Paulo Faria”, Abril, vol. 13, n. 27, 79-94.

Faria, Paulo (2021), “Esta guerra não é tua (II)”, Memoirs newsletter, 122.

Faria, Paulo (2020), “Esta guerra não é tua (I)”, Memoirs newsletter, 120.

O MEMOIRS propôs levar a cabo uma investigação comparativa que permitisse repensar a Europa contemporânea a partir dos seus legados coloniais e imperiais. A análise centrou-se em narrativas pessoais e artísticas projetadas através da literatura, das artes visuais e performativas, do cinema e da música, que lançam uma interrogação sobre o passado, o presente e o futuro da Europa.

Focando-se nos elementos de uma geração que não experienciou o colonialismo e as guerras de libertação, ou que apenas muito indiretamente os viveu, o MEMOIRS explorou os conceitos de herança, descolonização e pós-memória. Os estudos de casos foram 3 países europeus, Portugal, França e Bélgica, e 7 países africanos, Angola, Moçambique, Cabo Verde, Guiné-Bissau, S. Tomé e Príncipe, Argélia e República Democrática do Congo. António Sousa Ribeiro, investigador do projeto, esteve no “Em Memória da Memória” para nos falar da abordagem interdisciplinar e comparativa do Memoirs.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2021), "EUROPA, je t´aime moi non plus", Memoirs newsletter , 143, 1-5.

Ribeiro, António Sousa; Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2018), "A Past that Will Not Go Away. The Colonial War in Portuguese Postmemory", Lusotopie, 17(2): 277-300.

Ribeiro, António Sousa; Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (orgs.) (2016), Geometrias da Memória: Configurações Pós-Coloniais. Porto: Afrontamento.

Figueiredo, Isabela (2015), Caderno de Memórias Coloniais. Lisboa: Caminho.

Nota Biográfica:

António Sousa Ribeiro é investigador do CES e professor catedrático aposentado do Departamento de Línguas, Literaturas e Culturas (Estudos Germanísticos) da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra. Dedica-se também à tradução literária, tendo-lhe sido atribuído o Prémio Nacional de Tradução 2017. É membro da equipa do MAPS.

O termo tem-se tornado um dos recursos privilegiados para interpelar as permanências coloniais nos diferentes países europeus.

Disso nos dão conta no episódio de hoje António Sousa Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Bruno Machado, da equipa do MAPS, que percorrem connosco, "Em Memória da Memória", o percurso já vasto do conceito.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, António Sousa (orgs.) (2021), A cena da pós-memória. O presente do passado na Europa pós-colonial. Porto: Afrontamento.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2020), ⁠"Arte e Pós-memória - fragmentos, fantasmas, fantasias"⁠, Diacrítica, 34, 2, 4-20.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2020), ⁠"Uma história depois dos regressos: a Europa e os fantasmas pós-coloniais"⁠, Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani, 12, 2, 74-99.

Ribeiro, António Sousa (2020), ⁠"A quem pertence...?"⁠, Memoirs Newsletter , 119.

Machado, Bruno (2011), ⁠“Os filhos dos “retornados”: a experiência africana e a criação de memórias, pós-memórias e representações na pós-colonialidade”⁠, dissertação de mestrado apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa.

Notas Biográficas:

António Sousa Ribeiro é investigador do CES e professor catedrático aposentado do Departamento de Línguas, Literaturas e Culturas (Estudos Germanísticos) da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra. Dedica-se também à tradução literária, tendo-lhe sido atribuído o Prémio Nacional de Tradução 2017. É membro da equipa do projeto MAPS.

Bruno Machado nasceu em 1982 em Lisboa. O seu pai passou a juventude em Angola, onde acabaria por se alistar na Força Aérea durante a Guerra Colonial. Angola tornou-se personagem constante em casa de Bruno, o que se repercutiu no seu trabalho de investigação, nomeadamente na elaboração de uma dissertação de mestrado sobre os filhos do retorno. É membro da equipa do projeto MAPS.

Margarida Calafate Ribeiro é investigadora-coordenadora do CES. Em 2015 recebeu uma bolsa do Conselho Europeu de Investigação (ERC) para desenvolver o projeto de investigação "Memoirs - Filhos de Império e Pós-Memórias Europeias". Atualmente, é a investigadora responsável pelo projeto FCT "MAPS - Pós-Memórias Europeias: Uma Cartografia Pós-Colonial".

Em 2015, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro recebeu uma bolsa do Conselho Europeu de Investigação para implementar o projeto de investigação «MEMOIRS - Filhos de Império e Pós-Memórias Europeias». Este projeto debruçou-se sobre os impactos dos legados coloniais nas gerações seguintes, ou seja, nas pessoas que não viveram os processos das guerras coloniais e das descolonizações, mas que, através de memórias familiares e públicas, os herdaram enquanto reminiscências do passado.

Atualmente, é coordenadora do "MAPS, Pós-Memórias Europeias: Uma Cartografia Pós- Colonial". É no âmbito do MAPS que surge o Em Memória da Memória, o podcast que hoje se inicia, com entrevistas a investigadores e académicas da equipa, por um lado, e a filhos e filhas dos antigos impérios coloniais de Portugal, Bélgica e França, por outro.

Na entrevista de hoje, Margarida Calafate Ribeiro deixará bem claro porque é que a questão colonial não morre, nem morreu, com o fim do colonialismo, nem termina com aqueles que o levaram a cabo, que o sofreram ou que a ele resistiram.

A realização é de Inês Nascimento Rodrigues, a edição de som de José Gomes e a imagem gráfica de Márcio de Carvalho. Indicativo: voz de Rui Cruzeiro e música original, MAPS, da autoria de XEXA.

Algumas sugestões de leitura:

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Cruz Rodrigues, Fátima (2022), Des-Cobrir a Europa - Filhos de Impérios e Pós-memórias Europeias. Porto: Afrontamento.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate (2020), "Uma história depois dos regressos: a Europa e os fantasmas pós-coloniais", Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani, 12, 2, 74-99.

Ribeiro, Margarida Calafate; Ribeiro, António Sousa (2013), "Os Netos que Salazar não teve: Guerra Colonial e memória de segunda geração", Abril: Revista do Núcleo de Estudos de Literatura Portuguesa e Africana da UFF, 5, 11, 25-36.

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: Samuel Cadima
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: Assafrão
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: She Co
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: Samuel Cadima
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: She Co
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Direção criativa | Textos | Produção: Catarina Silva
Montagem | Mixagem | Genérico: João Sousa
Imagem: Sofia Dias (@bloody_underwear)
Música: Assafrão
Coordenação de comunicação: Bia Carneiro
Coordenação científica: Sofia José Santos e Tatiana Moura
Contributos: Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Sílvia Roque, Tiago Rolino, Júlia Garraio, Linda Cerdeira

Diana Andringa nasceu em 1947, no Dundo, Lunda-Norte, Angola, vindo para Portugal em 1958. Dez anos depois, tornou-se jornalista na Imprensa escrita. Presa pela PIDE/DGS em Janeiro de 1970, pelo seu apoio à luta pela independência de Angola, foi condenada a 20 meses de prisão. De 1978 a 2001 foi jornalista, argumentista e/ou realizadora de documentários na RTP. Atualmente é documentarista independente e investigadora no CES-UC.

Com a sua entrevista, completamos uma série de posdcasts já divulgados. Este é o último e não é por acaso. Diana Andringa relata-nos a sua vasta experiência no campo do jornalismo e a sua dedicação a um jornalismo crítico e exigente. Desde o confronto com o colonialismo, passando pela democratização do país, até à denúncia do racismo nos media em Portugal. Fala-nos, em particular do documentário “Era uma vez um arrastão…”, realizado em conjunto com Mamadou Ba (SOS Racismo) e Jorge Costa, com quem desmonta e denuncia a criação de uma notícia de algo que nunca aconteceu e que atribuía a jovens negros uma série de roubos numa praia. Considera que é “preciso ensinar as pessoas a ouvir”, o que se torna difícil perante o atual estado do jornalismo, quando há poucos jornalistas e pouco tempo para reflexão sobre os assuntos em causa, nomeadamente sobre o racismo.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

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Diana Andringa was born in 1947, in Dundo, Lunda-Norte, Angola, coming to Portugal in 1958. Ten years later, she became a journalist in the written press. Arrested by the PIDE/DGS in January 1970, for her support to the Angolan independence struggle, she was sentenced to 20 months in prison. From 1978 to 2001 she was a journalist, screenwriter and/or documentary director for RTP. Currently she is an independent documentary filmmaker and researcher at CES-UC.

With her interview we complete a series of posdcasts already released. This is the last, and not by chance. Diana Andringa tells us about her vast experience and her dedication to a critical and demanding journalism from the confrontation with colonialism, through the democratization of the country, to the denunciation of racism in the media in Portugal. He tells us, in particular, about the documentary "Era uma vez um Arrastão..." (2005), made together with Mamadou Ba (SOS Racism) and Jorge Costa with whom she dismantles and denounces the creation of a news story about something that never happened and that attributed to young black men a series of robberies on a beach. He believes that it is "necessary to teach people to listen," which is difficult in the current state of journalism, when there are few journalists and little time for reflection on the issues at hand, particularly racism.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Ana Filipa Oliveira Trabalha na Associação para a Cooperação Entre os Povos (ACEP), desde 2009, onde desenvolve projectos na área da comunicação, advocacy, influência política e direitos humanos. Integra o conselho editorial da Mundo Crítico - Revista de Desenvolvimento e Cooperação e foi responsável pela elaboração dos recentes relatórios AidWatch, em Portugal. Mestre em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, é licenciada em Jornalismo pela Universidade de Coimbra.

Nesta entrevista, Filipa fala-nos sobre a sua experiência numa organização que têm investido em parcerias com jornalistas de modo a desconstruir estereótipos sobre as sociedades e países do Sul global, nomeadamente sobre pessoas em movimento, migrantes e refugiados. Fala-nos, ainda sobre as dificuldades que o jornalismo enfrenta hoje em dia, sobretudo o jornalismo de investigação, dos problemas que decorrem do embedded journalism, e ainda sobre como as organizações humanitárias, muitas vezes, acabam por corroborar discursos securitários associados à ajuda ao desenvolvimento, em benefício próprio, não questionando os estereótipos utilizados pelos decisores políticos.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

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Ana Filipa Oliveira works at Associação para a Cooperação Entre os Povos (ACEP) since 2009, where she develops projects in the areas of communication, advocacy, political influence and human rights. She is part of the editorial board of Mundo Crítico - Revista de Desenvolvimento e Cooperação and was responsible for the recent AidWatch reports in Portugal. She has a Master's degree in Political Science and International Relations from the Universidade Nova de Lisboa and a degree in Journalism from the Universidade de Coimbra.

In this interview, she tells us about her experience in an organization that has been investing in partnerships with journalists in order to deconstruct stereotypes about the societies and countries of the global South, namely about people on the move, migrants, and refugees. She also talks about the current difficulties of journalism, especially investigative journalism, the problems of embedded journalism and how many humanitarian organizations often end up corroborating the security discourse associated to development aid, for their own benefit, without questioning the stereotypes used by political decision-makers.  

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Ricardo Cabral Fernandes is a journalist with an International Relations background who has worked in Sol and Público and is currently the director of 74. Over the years, he has investigated the Portuguese far right and its international connections.

In this episode, Ricardo discusses his new digital media project, 74, dedicated to investigative journalism and focused, among other things, on hate crimes, hate speech and on the far-right and its international linkages in a systematic way. It also aims to promote a journalistic culture that is progressive, and attentive to injustice as well as etno-racial and gender inequality.

Concerning the media coverage of racism and antiracist movements in Portugal, he highlights that, except for a few known journalists namely in the cases of Alfragide/Cova da Moura, Bruno Candé and Ihor Homeniuk, coverage tends to be poor due to the lack of ethno-racial diversity of newsrooms, journalist precarity, absence of specialization, and the persistence of the idea of impartiality in the media.

Ricardo also points out the importance of internal status within the newsroom, financial stability, specialization and abnegation when it comes to building a profile of a committed journalist.

Ricardo then notes the rising media profile of far-right movements, namely Chega, in Portugal and its ability to foster media attention by playing into and fabricating controversies (ie. “Museu das Descobertas”, “Jardins da Praça do Império”, Marcelino da Mata) as well as the media attention devoted to higher profile media figures of said movements for market logics.

Ricardo concludes by stating the importance of style guides for dealing with issues such as racism, xenophobia, gender inequality and of seeking to understand the far-right camp, their different actors, trends, key figures, agendas and interactions.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Raquel Lima is a poet, performer, and art educator. She was a INOV-ART Program scholarship holder, organized by the Directorate General for Arts/Ministry of Culture in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2009), and a Leonardo Da Vinci scholarship holder in Paris, France (2010). She co-founded the cultural association Pantalassa in 2011 and was the General Coordinator and Artistic Director of PortugalSLAM! since its creation until 2017. In October 2019 she launched her first book and audio-book of poetry entitled “Ingenuidade Inocência Ignorância.” She is a doctoral student in the Post-Colonialism and Global Citizenship Program at the Center for Social Studies at the University of Coimbra.

In this interview, Raquel reflects on her experience as a Black woman born in Portugal, who didn’t have access to Portuguese citizenship without fighting the foreign services, and how this experience marked her “natural” participation in the Portuguese anti-racist movement. Raquel’s path inside the anti-racist movement was never programmatic. It was the result of a need to find concrete solutions for concrete problems. This fight is built on encounters with those who suffer the same kind of oppression, and is above all a space where she feels comfortable to be. According to the interviewee, the absence of representativity of Black women in her field of work was also very instigating. As an academic, she is interested in understanding gender, orature on slavery, afro-descendant movements, and what is being produced by these groups. As an artist, Raquel tries to give access to artistic productions to those who usually don´t have it, and to inscribe Black women and their work in the art field. According to Raquel, publishing a book was not urgent during a 10-year journey of doing slam poetry. It became essential to do so precisely in the name of this inscription in time. And it was important for the poet to edit the book with an independent publisher, outside the logic of capital accumulation, and with women. Her poetry obeys a need over the years to ask collective questions but seeks to be fluid, metaphorical and to avoid being moralizing.

Furthermore, it is not limited to issues of race and gender; it has to do with linguistics, language, orality, and the violent process present in the language itself. The book has been open to various interpretations that add political possibilities. Raquel confesses the fear of seeing her poetry contaminated by forms of writing, including academic ones that take it away from her place of origin – and, therefore, she seeks different creative processes, in a kind of counter-counter-narrative.

Raquel has childhood memories about skinheads. The murder of Alcindo Monteiro was frightening, but she says that images and news are repeated over the years. It is surprising that only a couple of journalists are interested in addressing racism and that there is no structural interest in the subject. There are television channels that reproduce hate speech and receive elements from the far right in prime time, which is, in her opinion, extremely irresponsible.

The activist thinks that there is a frame of racial and spatial segregation - depicting peripheral zones as dangerous and unsafe zones. The stereotype of the irresponsibility of these people in not taking care of themselves is also present. And there is also a non-frame, which is the discrediting of the work that activists do, through the constant tendency of inferiorization of Black agents, racialized agents.

Enlarging the scope of her reflection, Raquel defends that fear is circular, and it is often produced with fake news, which leads us to question how European cities are built. Public space is public for whom? 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Anabela Rodrigues defines herself as an artivist; she works in support of immigrants and refugees - having on the Nationality Law amended her main focus of struggle - and is a member of the Teatro do Oprimido Group, where life stories are worked in a community perspective. In this interview, she talks about her journey as a Black woman, born in the Cova da Moura neighborhood – a primarily immigrant and Afro-descendant community – daughter of a cleaning lady in a wealthy home. Anabela reveals the importance of an exchange with racialized women from various countries in Europe. She realized the commonalities between them and the specifics of the Portuguese case where people with "a different melanin tone" are not considered Portuguese at all, even if born in Portugal.

The artivist speaks of the problems related to representation and gives examples of Black women who do not receive the recognition they deserve as 'good' Portuguese. Anabela underlines the danger of tokenism for the anti-racist struggle that should be a group fight, seen as such. She considers that there are publications usually ignored by the analysis, where Black people are absent, such as mainstream women's magazines.

Concerning refugees, Anabela believes that the problems are much broader than the cases made known by the media and that the higher the amount of melanin in the skin, the greater the difficulties and the more invisible. Furthermore, women and children also have more problems, especially if they are Black. For the artivist, immigrants and refugees have the same fight for legalization and against racism and sexism.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Mamadou Ba is a Portuguese antiracist decolonial activist, who was born in Senegal. He also is a member of the Advisory Board of (De)Othering. He holds a degree in Portuguese Language and Culture from the University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, a degree in Translation from the University of Lisbon and he is a PhD student at the Centro de Estudos Sociais, University of Coimbra. He was the founding member of the Luso-Senegalese Association, of Portugal's Anti Racist Network, and of Diáspora Afrique. From 1999-2012 he was a member of the Board of the European Network Against Racism, representing Portugal. He is part of the anti-racist movement SOS Racismo and its directors’ board since 1998. He was part of the Working Group Census 2021, created by the government to study the collection of ethno-racial data. He was also a member of the Permanent Commission for Equality and Against Racial Discrimination (CICDR), of the Scientific board of the Afroeuropean 2019 conference and of several other academic projects on inequality and racism.

In this episode, he discusses firstly how the dismantlement of the Calais refugee camp and the death of Aylan Kurdi marked his imaginary of the crisis of “European capability to respond to those people who were looking for asylum in Europe”, instead of a so-called “refugee crisis”, highlighting the ways in which said images racialized people regardless of their chromatic dimension.

Concerning the media’s coverage of the racism and antiracism in Portugal, Mamadou draws a parallel between othering that is product of governmental activity, of public policy in areas such as employment, housing and education, and of othering re/produced by the media.

In this context, Mamadou underlines two stages of Portuguese media’s contribution in the othering of racialized people: up until 2002, the predominance of danger-related and war-like narratives when portraying racialized people or territories (“war on gangs”, “war on youth delinquency”, “war on drugs”) along with a exotified and tokenized depiction of anti-racist movements and migrant associations, and since then a denial of racism in Portugal or a overt resistance to address institutional and structural racism expressions, which goes hand-in-hand with an animosity towards anti-racist movements and the portrayal of said movements as the racist ones and the real “threat to democracy and social peace”.

He then points out changes in the Portuguese mediascape, both negative (ie. tabloidization) and positive, including the growing body of work by journalists interested in migrations as well as racism, the emergence of alternative media with more progressive approaches to said issues, and a few incipient changes in the opinion makers sphere. He concludes by noting that “despite the will of many intermediate media professionals, some on the board remain hostile to this agenda”.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Alexandra Santos is an anti-racist and LGBTI activist who is a member of INMUNE collective. She also is a member of the Advisory Board of (De)Othering. She talks about the emotional difficulties of being an anti-racist activist and the importance of fighting side by side with other racialized people to grow stronger. Her first struggle was inside the LGBTI movement as a personal identity discovery. In 2015 as a student of a master's degree in gender, sexuality, and queer theory, she became closer to the black feminist theories and became an anti-racist activist. “To be a feminist, I have to be anti-racist”. The anti-racist struggle is a journey done together, with theories that make Alexandra capable of looking at the world in a certain way and with anti-racist and feminist activists.

The activist speaks of the importance of going out into the streets as a Black mass: it allows us to realize that we are many and that we have the tools to fight, despite the denial of racism in force in Portugal.

Alexandra believes that the media continues to have little to say about racialized people and that the legitimation of Black existence is done by processes that are also racist. She accuses journalism of living in terms of controversy and the click, feeding people's populism.

Some media people take advantage of the movement reproducing an extractivist logic: "the media continue to use our speeches to sell magazines," "Black people need to be treated like people in the media,"but" journalists don't have the tools to talk about racism and they don't want to have it." It is also necessary, according to the interviewee, for racialized people to tell their own stories and she also considers that it would be interesting to see Black people represented in television competitions, for example.

Alexandra advises listeners to read and listen to Black people without doubting their experiences.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Cristina Santinho is an anthropologist and scholar. Her research is centered on migration and integration of refugees in Portugal, focusing not only on asylum seekers and refugees, but also on institutions dealing with the issue. In this episode, she starts the conversation by talking about how migrants are subordinated and despised in host countries, often invalidating the professional formation that they already have and the work they used to do in their country of origin, leaving them at the mercy of precarious work. Cristina highlights how the media paid more attention to the refugee crisis when it was the Syrians who were arriving, white-passing people phenotypically closer to Europeans than Africans.

However, in her perspective, the main problem and greatest challenge is the Portuguese institutional culture. Portuguese associations are not usually activists and act in a much more charitable way, not making so many political demands, but helping refugees with food and clothing donations. That is, they help in a very palliative way. At the institutional level, there is a divergence between political discourse and practical actions. For example, one of the great challenges is the Portuguese language. In the speech of the High Commissioner of the United Nations and within the Secretariat for Migration in Portugal, there is a discourse about encouraging and increasing resources for this purpose. But, for example, there are few centers specialized in teaching Portuguese to migrants which shows some of the practical loopholes of refugee integration in the country. In addition, Portuguese institutions maintain a bureaucratic and hierarchical culture, which should supposedly dialogue more with other organizations in charge of managing and working with migrants and refugees, seeking to create exchange of information and strategies, such as SEF, centers of social assistance, etc. But she emphasizes how there is no such space. The reports produced and shared aim to get more funding and only contain numerical data, such as numbers of refugees received and available housing, but rarely deal with issues related to the living conditions that these people are subjected to. In Cristina's view, this greater dialogue between institutions and a more holistic and comprehensive view of their role is fundamental to changing the conditions of refugees and migrants in the country.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Marta Lança is a scholar and editor of BUALA, which is a digital transdisciplinary platform. She also is a member of the Advisory Board of (De)Othering. With an extensive production of articles, essays, images, and literature in which the socio-political and artistic spheres meet, BUALA seeks to encourage debate on post-colonial issues in the transatlantic scenario. The idea arose from several trips that Marta made to Cabo Verde, Angola, Mozambique, having also traveled to Brazil a few times, where anti-racism themes were very latent. In her perspective, there was still a highly stigmatized representation of the PALOP - Portuguese Speaking African Countries - and the migrants who came from these regions, part of that was because of the narratives created by the institutions and the media. For her, there are some points that must be considered. First, there is an almost pornographic coverage of migrants and refugees, which has their images in moments of extreme vulnerability used in a totally uncommitted and irresponsible way by the mainstream media. In addition, there is also a narrative of “they came here to steal your jobs”, and also the security perspective, which creates the idea that the presence of migrants and racialized people increases criminality, portraying peripheral and predominantly migrant neighborhoods as dangerous zones.

Even though there are some committed Portuguese journalists and scholars, like Joana Gorjão and Alexandra Lucas Coelho, it is important to disseminate the perspective of the subjects themselves. Marta reiterates the importance of increasing plurality within newspapers and media with more racialized people and people from other regions, not just to talk about racism, but to talk about health, culture, art, politics. Obviously, they will bring their experiences and perspectives into these issues, which makes plurality a rich tool for diversity of information and worldviews. However, she also reinforces the difficulty of these processes to occur within the mainstream media, as it is still very associated with neoliberalism and the right, making it even more difficult to circumvent representations of the Other. In this sense, she states how important it has been to have not only journalists within these media outlets seeking to break the bubble, but also independent productions, like BUALA, which therefore have greater autonomy to define their agenda. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Joana Gorjão Henriques, a journalist from Público and consultant of the project (De)Othering, reflects on how she became closer to the topics she has been working on in recent years, and how her training experiences in the USA and later in the UK influenced her path and her way of approaching issues of racial discrimination, invisibility and social exclusion, considering that racism is not thought as a structural and institutional phenomenon in Portugal.

The journalist argues that it is crucial to create diversity among journalists and that the presence of Black journalists in newsrooms and writing opinion pieces is urgent. She notes that in the Público, 80% of paid opinion-makers are white men, and it has been challenging to convince the leadership that it is necessary to change the chip. As for the proposals, Joana participates in some initiatives that aim to help overcome this problem: an internship paid at Público to a journalist, carried out in partnership with Aga Khan and interrupted by the pandemic, and another internship at Afrolink, paid with revenue from the book that she published.

According to Joana, there is a lot to change in journalism courses; they are very theoretical, they suffer from a lack of specialization, and it is urgent to introduce the issue of diversity in the curricula. A specific subject where people could confront their own stereotypes and prejudices should be part of the training, as they will have responsibilities in their creation and reproduction.

For the journalist, the image of the “child on the beach” [Aylan Kurdi] is disturbing and illustrative of Europe's abandonment of an issue for which it should be the first to assume responsibility and clarifies that there is no refugee crisis, there is a European crisis regarding its ability to deal with migration issues.

As for the images related to racism, the image of Alcindo Monteiro as a young man, dead at the hands of neo-Nazis, is still very striking utterly incomprehensible to her. More recently, there was the very shocking image of Cláudia Simões with her face wholly bloodied, and the video of the aggression by a policeman who only did it because she is Black.

Joana states that it is very easy for the media to get into sensationalism and spectacle. Structural issues are not addressed because nationally we have not learned to look at racism as a structural phenomenon. There has been no concern on the part of public authorities to train the population in this regard. The white society also has a lack of self-criticism regarding racism, which is essentially a problem of white society and that white society has to solve. The only way to change this state of affairs will be with information, contextualization, and debate. Joana clarifies that this is the work of white people because she believes that this weight of deconstruction and education does not have to fall solely on racialized groups. Thus, for Joana, the existence of information platforms created by racialized people is key.

As for guideline tools, according to the journalist, they would be essential, but they don't exist yet in the Portuguese newsrooms. These guides are important, but they don't do everything.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Lúcia Furtado is an antiracist activist and member of Femafro association. The activist discusses a path of gradual awakening to anti-racist and Black feminist issues. She emphasizes the importance, in 2016, of the first Black feminist meeting, followed by Femafro meetings and the influence of the audio-blog Afrolis, which she considers to be a milestone for the training of activists of her generation. She also reveals that she was part of the governing bodies of Femafro and Djass.

Lúcia Furtado grew up in Miratejo, where there are very distinct ethnic-racial communities and a relatively peaceful multicultural environment for the vast majority of inhabitants, although with some tensions. This 'specific' environment and the fact of having a structured, middle-class family, protected her for a long time from thinking about racial issues. 

Thinking about the images most present in memory: regarding the “refugee crisis”, Lúcia Furtado refers to the images of boats arriving in the Mediterranean and, more recently, the image of the Aylan Kurdi’s dead body on the beach; regarding immigration, racism and the anti-racist fight, the images of female workers in public transportation, namely how 'at the time when many of us were leaving the clubs, they were taking the opposite route to go to work'; regarding racism and anti-racist activism, the demonstrations on the death of Giovani because they were very remarkable for being spontaneous.

Concerning the similarities between coverage on refugees and on 'internal others,' the activist considers that the antiracist issue has become fashionable in the last few years. The work of the antiracist movement brought the topic to the public space. Alternative media – Afrolis, Afrolink, Bantumen - is forcing the mainstream media to become more present. In Portugal, often coverage focuses on situations involving something criminal – hitting, getting beaten, dying – while there is no coverage on cultural, educational projects, etc., of the Black population. According to Lúcia, this is worrisome because it gives the idea that Black people's lives come down to that. Regarding refugee people, the activist thinks it's different, because the media tries to show positive aspects: they come from war situations and not because they want to.

Considering the evolution in the representations of racialized people in the Portuguese media, Lúcia says that despite the resistance of the mainstream media, some people have managed to break through- But mainstream media hasn't changed much and place the anti-racist struggle and far-right as two sides of the same coin, as if they were the same thing. For the activist, antiracism does not define her as a person: 'We have other skills, and we must be called to talk about other things. We have professionals in all areas. Why don't we show up to talk about other things?'

Femafro's contribution to constructing alternative narratives about racialized people happens as part of the association's activities. Lúcia gives an example of an event at a school in Amadora, on Girls' Day, with the participation of the writer Djamilia Pereira de Almeida. When students, primarily Black, said they did not feel Portuguese that shocked the teachers. The pandemic postponed a documentary series with 12-minute episodes about Black women from different areas and who may not even be activists.

On the usefulness of style guides for journalists, the Lúcia says, 'It is another guide. It won't have much effect. There's a lot of work that needs to be done for this guideline to be of any use."

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Ricardo Esteves Ribeiro is the co-founder of Fumaça, an independent media. He does not hold a degree in journalism, but he found in Fumaça a space to work on themes that he felt were not well addressed by mainstream media. In the beginning Fumaça was just a podcast and only later became a media outlet. Initially, they approached anonymous demonstrators in the street and asked some questions, aiming to understand what led people to protest, especially considering that in Portugal there is not a strong protest culture. Within Fumaça, they sought to address not only what was happening, but also the reasons that triggered a certain situation.           

Ricardo mentions that he sees many parallels between journalistic coverage of racism and migration. Unlike other respondents, he does not have an optimistic view from the media representation of those groups. Despite noticing a certain change in coverage, he does not believe that this is a structural change, as there has not been a change in the way Portuguese society sees racialized people, migrants and refugees, understands the action of SEF, etc. Much of this he links to patterns and representations created by media outlets, as they have to do with several dimensions of how language is used, and therefore how migrants and refugees are portrayed. There are many ways to look at language and understand how it perpetuates power relations and a racist and colonial vision, which was and continues to be naturalized. As long as this mentality does not change, the changes remain only on the surface. To avoid this, Fumaça tries to slow down the process of writing the news and tries to circulate it among many people, avoiding some problematic and inappropriate placements. To conclude, he says that beyond this sharing, he believes that manuals and guidelines can be very important to change these patterns and representations. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Catarina Santos is a journalist who won the Gazeta Multimédia award in 2015 for her report about migration and refugee crisis. In the beginning of this episode she talks briefly about the award, which held the possibility to go to Turkey to do the news follow-up. For her, the biggest challenge facing journalists and the media is to stir up curiosity and the desire to know more from readers. Since 2014, she has been engaged in this topic and, from her point-of-view, over time, people naturalize and trivialize death. The first vessel to sink on the European coast drew attention and sensitized the population, for this to happen again, an even greater number of deaths will be needed, and so on. Aylan Kurdi made an impact because it made many people imagine their children and grandchildren, because in general children end up sensitizing the population more. In this sense, she emphasizes that there is a part that is the responsibility of journalists and another that is also of the readers. Sometimes there is a lot of time and money invested in a journalistic piece and only little diffusion, because people are no longer interested in the topic. When she came back from Greece and from Lesbos, she had a lot of material, a lot of videos and stories, but she didn't quite know what to do with them, as society was already fed up with the topic of migration. From this came the idea of creating short videos, with reports from 5 or 6 people. The main idea was that it would be possible to give a face and a name to the numbers and thus, perhaps, sensitize more people and make the news broadcast more, although not everyone would read the texts, in addition to watching the videos.

In addition, Catarina emphasizes that media are also communication companies and therefore have interests and goals, many of them financial. Thus, to achieve these goals, there is a specific agenda that must be fulfilled and because of this, journalists do not have full autonomy to be developing their texts with time and depth. For her, the biggest challenge is to reconcile the company's interests with quality and informative content. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Evalina Dias is the director of Djass - Associação de Afrodescentes, an organization engaged in the fight against racism in contemporary Portuguese society. She begins this episode talking about how the media represents the racialized population and refugees. From her point of view, Portuguese society had this idea that they were not racist, which was greatly supported by the lack of broadcasting of news related to cases of violence and the lack of equal access and opportunities. Nowadays, with social media, the circulation of news is facilitated and intensified. But apart from that, mainstream media is still very biased in the way it portrays episodes of violence. She mentioned Giovani, the Cabo Verdean student, who was attacked and killed by a group of white Portuguese people in Bragança. The media did not talk about the assault until he died, five days after the attack. On the other hand, the son of a white inspector was assaulted in Lisbon at the same time and became front page of the newspapers on the same day. For Evalina, this demonstrates very explicitly which bodies matter to the media. In addition, a meritocratic discourse is often perpetuated, in which it seems that people do not get to places because they did not want to and not because of structures of white privilege that give different opportunities of access to education and work. In this sense, she points out how the work of Joana Gorjão Henriques was important to break with this monolithic discourse.

Furthermore, Evalina talks a little bit about Djass’s work in the anti-racist training of children and educators and how important this is to break with the colonial and racist imagination, considering that school manuals have remained the same since the Estado Novo. She points out how these formative processes are essential, with a view to the difference between good practice on paper and in practice. In this sense, an active formation is more important. In the case of the media, an anti-racist training that trains media professionals in how to deal with certain themes would be crucial. For example, in her opinion, while ago talking about Syrian refugees was a hot topic, no one in the media seemed paid any attention to the refugees from Congo or from several other African countries that were also coming to Europe.

To conclude, she discusses the media narrative about Covid-19 and the quarantine. Often the media did not focus on why some people had to keep going to work, using public transportation, and placed the responsibility precisely on them for the increase in cases in capitals such as Lisbon, ignoring the precarious conditions of work and housing to which many people are subjected, many of them racialized people, migrants and refugees.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Melissa Rodrigues is an art educator and anti-racist activist. She is a member of the Núcleo Anti-Racista do Porto and founder of Chá das Pretas, an anti-racist feminist group. She begins this episode talking about the paradoxical feelings of being a Black female artist. Melissa mentions that there is a certain fetishism around this, especially when these artists talk about anti-racism.

In what concerns the media representation of racialized people, she recalls how precarious the media coverage is when it comes to racial hate crimes. In the past few years, a series of episodes took place in Portugal, like the murders of Giovani and Bruno Candé and the assault of Cláudia Simões, while the media, in addition to providing deficient and partial coverage, reiterates some extremist views. First, regarding Claudia, reinforcing the idea of the angry black woman, who does not shut up, who has no limits, who is an affront. About Bruno Candé and Giovani, when a black youth is mentioned, even if unconsciously, people make the association in the way they are normally portrayed: as delinquents, criminals, people who do not work nor study. Those constructions and representations that could be from the beginning of the 20th century, still exist and media, as an area that has changed just little since then, works on promoting hate speech, through the manipulation of images, use of a certain words and language, selection of reports, etc. Thereby, the image of the Black body as a foreign body remains, and perpetuates the myth of the wild, brut Black man, in which the construction of the nation was based, using whiteness as a pattern to create Otherness. Melissa also links these perspectives to Salazar's heritage and highlights the importance of recognizing Portugal as a racist country in order to try to reverse this situation and raise awareness. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Marwa Mahmoud is an Italian-Egyptian city councilor of Reggio Emilia, President of the city commission for “Human Rights, Equal Opportunities and International Relations”. She holds a degree in Languages and Foreign Literatures from the University of Bologna and has worked within the field of interculture with the Centro interculturale Mondinsieme (the Cultural Centre “Mondinsieme”) for over ten years.

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she discusses the images of the migrant refugee crisis that mark mainstream communication at the national level. Especially on TV, media channels propose impactful images that define migratory flows and migrants without considering the individual experiences of migrants in Italy, bringing forward a process of dehumanization.

As an example, Mahmoud recalls the image of the 2013 shipwreck in Lampedusa, underlying how these journeys are undignified because of their illegality, issuing criminal records to undocumented migrants as soon as they arrive to Italy, branding them criminals from the start. Furthermore, the Bossi-Fini law (2002 law which criminalizes undocumented immigration) and subsequent decrees made migrants, even long-term ones, second-class citizens.
Communication is so misguided that even temporal and spatial perspectives have been flattened, and migrants are always described as if they are outsiders that have just arrived to Italy. Their contribution in terms of work, taxes, etc. is either ignored or treated by recreating clichés that mirror existing stereotypes among white Italians. Mahmoud underlines the lack of migrants’ voices, even when attention is given to the management of asylum seekers’ activities, it is managers, social workers or lawyers who take the lead, while people directly affected by these policies never speak.

From Mahmoud’s analysis emerges a form of humanitarianism narrated as paternalism or welfarism: “I helped you, why should I also allow you to speak?” This process fuels the idea that the other is not civilized and must be emancipated, and it is here that Mahmoud identifies the point of engagement for the process of dehumanization.

To conclude, Mahmoud traces the influence exerted by the events following September 11, 2001, by shedding light on how the stereotype of the Arab terrorist was not countered by the ruling class, but rather emphasized through the mirror image of the submissive and unemancipated Muslim woman. This remained the contextualizing frame for every news item involving Muslims: headlines and narratives that mar the lives of communities made up of women, men, and children. For all these reasons, Mahmoud argues that telling people’s stories remains the key to restoring dignity.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Sinho Baessa de Pina is an activist and the vice-president of the Associação Cavaleiros de São Brás, an organization situated in Casal da Boba, Amadora, that promotes cultural events in the neighborhood. He calls his community work homework and aims to give a lesson against racism, misogyny and colonialism. In this episode, Sinho talks about a situation that a couple went through while going to the hospital because their child was about to be born and they were stopped by the police. This made him realize that young Black Portuguese people already have their fate marked from birth, so he began to try to create spaces that would promote greater awareness among the population and fight against police abuse against the Black population.

From this, he talks a lot about the access of the racialized population in society, the spaces they occupy, who takes the first public transportation in the morning, who works where, who is at the university and who is not. These are barriers that seem invisible to those who are not directly affected by them, but that is what sustains this racist structural system and changing this means in his opinion taking away the privilege of many.  This is a narrative that still bothers many and is not only the white population that resists those changes, but also the state and its institutions. Sinho reiterates how promoting spaces for discussion about racism in schools, with parents, beyond academia and society as a whole is necessary and urgent; it is necessary to make these topics present in the micropolitics of affections.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Angelica Pesarini is a scholar working on the intersection of race, gender and citizenship in colonial and postcolonial Italy. Her research focuses on the dynamics of race performativity and the racialization of Italian political discourse on the topic of immigration. Pesarini is the author of several publications, both in English and Italian, and a member of The Black Mediterranean Collective which recently published The Black Mediterranean: Bodies, Borders, and Citizenship (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021).

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she examines media narratives on the migrant refugee crisis and the impact that recurring images and words have had on the Italian collective imaginary.  The episode begins with a discussion on the image of Alan Kurdi, a three-year-old  Syrian child that drowned in the Mediterranean Sea after the dingy carrying his family capsized on route to Europe in 2015. Kurdi’s body washed ashore in Bodrum, Turkey, the images of which became the symbol of the humanitarian crisis generated by lack of safe routes for migrants and refugees. Pesarini also draws on the story of Josefa, a woman rescued from the Mediterranean Sea in 2018 following the capsizing of the over-occupied dingy she was placed on. Images of Josefa’s rescue circulated in Italian mainstream media, where journalists scrutinized her supposed desperation based on her painted fingernails. Pesarini delves into a discussion on both the lack of Human Rights these people hold and the merciless show of their body; Alan’s lifeless body published in countless outlets without obscuring his face and Josefa’s images similarly published without consideration to her privacy and subsequently utilized as a political pawn for those seeking to delegitimize migration from the Global South. Pesarini then emphasizes the absence of migrants’ voices and faces in the images of barges – portrayed as waves of bodies without individuality or humanity – and in the case of hate crimes, when victim’s names are difficult to find. Draped in de-subjectifying narratives, media and political discussions of migration are roped into existing violent and racist constructs that effectively seek to dehumanize and erase categories of people. In this way, Pesarini argues, 'migrant' becomes synonymous with 'black'. That is why she and other black scholars claim the existance of a Black Mediterranean as part of the legacy of slavery and inherent colonialist de-humanisation of former colonial subjects. But, Although the dehumanised, generalised, and racialised representation of othered bodies leads to the creation of well-defined stereotypes, Afro-descendant communities across Italy are organizing to challenge mainstream perceptions They privilege social media because of its capacity to amplify self-expression, particularly in a country such as Italy, where television is still a completely white space.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Paula Cardoso is a journalist. She begins this episode talking about her professional trajectory as a Black woman working in Portuguese media - which is mainly white and sexist. She has worked for Sol Portugal and Sol Angola and Visão. After an episode in which a journalist laughed at the possibility of electing a Black president during the 2008 US elections period in which Barack Obama was elected, she decided to work on more intersubjective issues in the universe of racialized people and to cherish her roots more. From that point on, she began to work at Afrolink and Força Africana.

Regarding the media production on the refugee crisis, Paula draws parallels with racial issues, noticing many common aspects between them. She perceives a certain reification of the Other, of the body that is being observed and studied, and how that is often different from who is selected to narrate the news piece. She mentions that when she thinks about the refugee crisis two images come to her mind: the crowded boats arriving in Europe and the dead Syrian boy, Aylan Kurdi, on the Mediterranean coast. The second image seems to create a more humanized image, while the first can produce the idea of a threat of invasion of territory. However, what she perceives as the most problematic is the lack of depth of media coverage of these issues. In her view, there is a lack of media coverage that treats these people as people who had a job, had a life, had a daily routine, but for some reason had to seek refuge in extremely dangerous ways. The news rarely brings up the reasons for the war, the interests involved, why these people need to stay away. Paula attributes this to the lack of training of media professionals on how to adequately portray the other. They are often more concerned with the style of the text, graphic models, etc., than with the way in which the narratives are being constructed and what kind of representations and images are created from there. In addition to training white journalists, it is also necessary to create more inclusive spaces in order to further diversify the media, and not invite racialized people to exclusively talk about racism. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Oiza Queens Day Obasuyi is an Italian woman of Nigerian descent. She is a human rights and migration specialist. She holds a degree in International Relations and works as a freelance contributing writer for Italian webzines and author. Her first book is Corpi Estranei (People, 2020) where she deconstructs cultural, institutional and systemic racism in Italy from the perspective of a black Italian woman.

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she deals with the media coverage of the migrant refugee crisis, narrated as a problem by piling up headlines without wondering what stories are behind these people on the move. The proposed narratives are trapped in the dichotomy between victim and invader, which leads to a superficial understanding of migrants’ experience and nurtures a process of dehumanization.
Obasuyi recalls the need for a point of view that takes into consideration migration from an international mobility perspective, abandoning the dominant paternalistic vision that criminalizes migrants – especially that of Afro-descendant and Black. Not only are there no voices in newspapers that analyze these issues in depth, but there are also few people with different migrant or ethnic-cultural backgrounds in the editorial offices. Diversity would indeed allow to escape from an exclusively white vision.
In this framework, images of shipwrecks always trigger this dichotomy between those who need to be saved and invaders. Both patterns, that of the criminal migrant and that of the migrant of good will, contribute to a process of dehumanization and disempowerment. Concerning the media’s coverage of terrorism, Obasuyi traces the hate propaganda back to the idea of invasion, which forms the backdrop to the stereotype of the Arab terrorist. In particular, she emphasizes its paternalism towards women, as in the case of Silvia Aisha Romano (the Italian NGO voluntary worker who was kidnapped in Kenya in 2018 by terrorist organization Al-Shabaab, then rescued and returned to Italy in 2020 as a Muslim-convert).
Obasuyi explains how, with the BLM movement, Afro-descendants finally took to the streets to speak out, discussing racism, Ius soli, and laborers’ rights. However, media coverage dismissed these events and emphasized Italy’s participation in global protests in solidarity with George Floyd, an African-American man murdered by police officers in the United States. Obasuyi argues that this general absence acts as a colonizing filter that prevents the voices of Italians of different ethnicities to be seen. Racism in Italy only comes to light in its most extreme forms, often ignoring its more common, subtle forms that transpire through the internalization of racialized discourses and the reproduction of racial stereotypes.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Ana Rita Alves is a scholar and activist focused on producing critical academic knowledge about urban segregation and institutional racism. She is also a member of the (De)Othering's Advisory Board. She has been working with several movements engaged in the combat of police brutality and systemic violence towards racialized populations. She begins the episode arguing that the academy is a bit hermetic and self-centered and how that made her look for something else after she graduated, so she started collaborating with S.O.S Racismo, a Portuguese antiracist association. This desire came from an experience she had in the last year of her degree when she was in Brazil working with expertise from quilombola communities and came to understand that the academy, more than just writing texts and articles for the academy itself, can also add to and help the struggle.

During this episode, Ana Rita talked about an episode in 2015 in which the police were accused of assaulting and torturing six young people from Cova Moura, Amadora, for racial hatred. From this, she explains how the media portrays racialized people from a perspective that highlights misery and represents them like people with lack of agency and that are not seen as political subjects. In addition, racialized people are erased from public spaces, which ends up reinforcing institutional racism and white privilege. In her work, she seeks to explore the relationship between segregation, racialization and dehumanization processes in contemporary Portugal and how this works in maintaining the colonial vision of white superiority and the conditions for the persistence of situations of precariousness. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Djarah Kan is a writer, feminist and cultural activist from Italy and Ghana. Raised in Castel Volturno, she moved to Naples in 2018. She published short stories in Gli Asini and Jacobin Italia. Kan published Il mio nome in the short story collection Future - il domani narrato dalle voci di oggi (Effequ) in 2019 and her first short story collection Ladri di denti (People) in 2020.

In this episode, she discusses how she approaches writing as a tool of self-assertion in a world where being a Black woman belonging to an ethnic minority means being silenced. Kan has always conceived art as a “weapon of mass destruction” directed against capitalism, as a way to be heard and to feed a plurality of voices.

Concerning the media’s coverage of the migrant refugee crisis, the writer recalls the image of Alan Kurdi, the Syrian migrant child whose lifeless body washed ashore in Bodrum, Turkey in 2015 following the capsizing of the dingy carrying him and his family in migration to Europe. Images of Kurdi’s recovered body became a symbol of the humanitarian crisis generated by the violence of the border regime against  migrants and refugees. The tactless exposure of Kurdi’s body struck Kan even years later; migrants’ bodies are treated as second-class bodies unworthy of respect. In crisis, their images are circulated in ways that produce de-humanisation in the media butchery, scrutinized without interest or dignity.

In this context, Kan underlines narratives on migrations that evoke shame and estrangement and effectively hide Europe’s roles in the crisis and subsequent responsibilities. The abuse perpetrated through an objectifying circulation of images that showcase pain and violence further diminishes people’s humanity and leaves little room for political reasoning regarding accountability. Furthermore, this form of communication is not functional, as public opinion does not know what happens on the other side of the Mediterranean, ultimately reinforcing Europeans’ white privilege.

To conclude, Kan reflects on the reasons why the Carta di Roma is constantly disregarded, identifying the fact that children of migrants, second generation citizens and racialized people don’t vote (yet – because they are not recognised as citizens) as a key factor. In an interesting comparison with the United States, Kan unveils the game of mirrors through which Europeans reinforce both their own identity and stereotypes about the other, underlining how the lack of narratives on dignity, agency and liberation about Africa prevents the cultivation of true empathy.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Cyntia de Paula is the director of the association Casa do Brasil de Lisboa and a community psychologist. She also is a member of the Advisory Board of (De)Othering. During this episode, she discusses the construction of the discourse of the Other as the enemy with an image of complete dehumanization. Cyntia argues that even though some  of these questions - racism and migration crisis - were already part of our society, Covid-19 has intensified this idea of first and second-class people. She notes how right and the far-right movements take advantage of these narratives to reinforce discriminatory language.

As director of Casa do Brasil de Lisboa, she has close proximity to migration issues and how the public discourse is key to create an imaginary of the Other. Since 2015, she realized how representation of Brazilians by the media has changed, as if the new rich immigrants that came now are good, not that working mass that would supposedly come to steal the jobs of the Portuguese. With that, there is an underrepresentation of Brazilian experiences, as workers and students who live in precarious situations do not appear in magazines and newspapers to document about the difficulties they face in their everyday lives. In addition, there is this idea that the migrant is not a person with the capacity for reflection and that could occupy prominent spaces in other areas. When it comes to the immigration of Brazilian women, there are even more issues that are intertwined with this. Often, they are hypersexualized, combined with an idea that Brazilian women come to steal men from Portuguese women, these notions reiterate a sexist, xenophobic and racist perspective. Concerning media coverage, she highlights the importance of journalists who seek to involve more people in the construction of narratives in order to create a more credible representation of issues.
 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version
This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Asmae Dachan is an Italian-Syrian journalist and writer. She is an expert on the Middle East, Syria, Islam, inter-religious dialogue, immigration and international terrorism. She has been a member of the Ordine dei Giornalisti delle Marche since 2010 and works as a freelance journalist for several national and international newspapers, including Avvenire, Confronti, Panorama, L’Espresso, Altreconomia, Venerdì di Repubblica, The Post, Internazionale and Senza Filtro. Dachan is also an activist advocating for peace and non-violence and the author of several fiction and poetry books.

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she discusses her professional and personal experiences, drawing attention to how belonging to two cultures led to the desire to connect two shores of the Mediterranean in efforts to overcome racist stereotypes and produce reliable and ethical news. Dachan argues that mutual knowledge exchange challenges fears and prejudice, in turn building communities that seek to understand each other.
Although some newspapers talk about foreign affairs in an egregious manner, Dachan describes the limited engagement Italian newspapers provide to the so-called “World Section”, underlying how the lack of context is glaring when it comes to the issue of migrants. Freelance journalists often travel to news-sites, verify information, and promote in-depth analyses on their own initiative, thereby significantly contributing to readers’ understandings of the contexts of migration and providing young hyper-connected generations with cultural coordinates to better decipher the world. For all these reasons, Dachan chose “the world as her own editorial office” and became a freelancer, despite the difficulties and risks of the job. Concerning current relevant experiences in the world of media, she mentions “Avvenire” and the FADA Collective, made up of independent journalists, photographers, video makers and authors that work on the ground on issues related to the environment, migration and social inclusion.
Dachan also highlights new challenges in journalism. News travels fast and is mainly read online. Rather than shrinking their news to compete with online media, printed newspapers should provide in-depth analyses and investigations to give people the chance to explore new cultural horizons. A small Copernican revolution that, if pursued, would give new impetus to a sector in crisis, like publishing.
To conclude, Dachan delves into the importance of the so-called “War on Terror” in fueling a narrative of fear, where migrants, especially those of Arab origin and Muslim faith, are automatically assigned the role of potential-terrorists. The tragic outcome of this narrative is that it often criminalizes and marginalizes people who are often fleeing terrorism. In this context, asking why migrations occur would allow for historical and political analyses based on empathy. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Beatriz Gomes Dias is a teacher, activist, and Portuguese politician. In this episode, she talks about the process of getting more involved with the Black movement in Portugal. As a Black woman, and therefore a target of racism and discrimination, she figured that she had to better understand how racism operated in Portuguese society, and she also wanted to become involved in a movement that viewed the suppression of racism as its main objective. Beatriz discusses how anti-racist activism is meaningful because Black bodies occupying the streets and public spaces are strong and impactful images that defy the colonial-white-patriarchal norm.

She argues how media infantilizes representations of Black people by choosing white people to mediate dialogues and speeches of racialized people to maintain and reinforce racist perspectives. Despite greater media airspace of anti-racist movements throughout the past few years, the topic is often marginalized and has its subjectivity nullified. She provides a personal account to exemplify this process. RTP invited her to participate in an interview about a project of Djass - Associação de Afrodescentes, an organization engaged in the fight against racism in contemporary Portuguese society. Beatriz, Angela Barreto - an historian scholar, who helped to create the material of the memorial - and also the Lisbon’s councilor of culture were all invited to speak. When the news piece was broadcast, she found out that she was silenced and her image appeared only as a prop, even though she was one of the proponents of it. From this experience, she realized how her narratives were decontextualized, simplified and misrepresented by putting her in a space where she is an unimportant person, while placing the white commentator’s opinion at a higher value. She notes that her opinions are better received by non-Portuguese journalists, as she found that Portuguese journalists often try to promote her as a way to appease consciences and bring the meritocratic history of the Black woman who is the exception to the rule which “worked”. To conclude, Beatriz highlights how there is a dissonance between narratives, discourses, and practices, and how the media often focuses on good practices of welcoming and diversity when it comes to refugee integration and does not provide reliable reports on everyday violence.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Raquel Ribeiro is a journalist and scholar focused on Portuguese/Lusophone literature, cinema and culture. In this episode, she points out gaps in the mainstream media narratives that do not include the voices of Black women, in particular Africans and Afro-Brazilians. At the beginning of the episode, she discusses when she was confronted by a student that told her that her class curriculum was too whiteand asked why there were so many white Africans, such as Mia Couto and Luandino. From that moment on, she began to take a different look at these complex racial and colonial issues that were already indirectly part of the content she addressed in her classes.

Summary of the podcast

Raquel used to work for the Portuguese newspaper, Público, but left for the United Kingdom to obtain her PhD. During this period abroad, she realized how issues related to postcolonial theories took a long time to be more intensely worked on in Portugal. She also highlights that mainstream media suffer from what she called “mental laziness”, that is to say they do not place questions of, for example, race and gender side-by-side. This creates an emptying of the discussion, which never seems to move forward. Regarding migration issues, she mentions how the image of Alan Kurdi, the three-year-old child that drowned in the Mediterranean Sea after his family was trying to cross from Syria to Europe in 2015, was very symbolic and created a different imaginary that wasn’t the common idea of refugees in Europe, that are usually related to people that want to “steal national jobs” or associated with Islamic fundamentalists. Raquel points out how the media’s speed makes news quickly swallowed, limiting further reflection on some topics. For example, she mentions how there is little analysis of the relationships of racialized people living on the periphery, criminalization, and the issue of colonialism - which are often limited to discussions from a historical perspective. Therefore, there is no critical crossover of analysis in order to understand how historical issues can affect the current configuration of Portuguese society. 

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version
This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Barbara Pinelli is a socio-cultural anthropologist specialized in forced migration and intersectional feminist perspectives with a focus on the nexus among multiple spirals of power, memories of violence, and political testimony. Her extensive research experience in the field of political asylum includes the impact of European border regimes on migrants, migratory routes in the Mediterranean region, and gender-based violence. She carried out extensive ethnographic research in Sicily (on landing zones and within refugees’ camps) involving mainly refugee women and looking at the link between gendered traumatic memory and how arrival contexts exacerbate long-term vulnerability and human suffering. Currently, her work mainly concerns itself with processes of reconstruction of subjectivity after experiences of persecution and abuse, the temporal dimension of violence, and critical perspectives on the moral regimes of humanitarian policies.

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she discusses her research on forced human mobility and violence against migrant women. The aim of her work is to build her research on forced mobility, looking at migration, border policies and violence from asylum seekers’ lived experiences.
For Pinelli, this mobilization builds on the central commitment of her work; studying the intertwining of gendered violence and forced mobility to identify how women’s bodies are constructed through the ethnicization of gender and culturalized codifications of violence. Entrenched stereotypes and white hegemonic feminism play into the hands of humanitarian or culturalist discourses, so that help offered to migrant women is always structured as a kind of rehabilitative path to achieving conforming emancipation – following a moral ethic marked by gender hierarchies.

Pinelli traces the development of anthropological studies focusing on women’s experiences, from the invisibility of female refugees to the humanitarianism of the 1990s. Women (especially, women with children) became the symbol and justification of humanitarian efforts, fueling the construction of the female subject asking for protection. This allowed the West to represent itself as savior; saving those deemed risky women from cultural pathologies. At the same time, the ethnic-cultural codification of violence carried with it the expectation that these women would follow the correct grammar of violence.

Pinelli traces how the media’s narratives on migration have changed over the past decade, starting with the Italian government’s Mare Nostrum operation - a military and humanitarian mission that began after the 2013 shipwreck in Lampedusa – to the slow crumbling of these discourses, first with the criminalization of NGOs through the closure of ports. Within this framework, newspapers internalized the logic of the victimization of women, to the point of identifying women and children as the only ones worthy of being saved. This process of dehumanization denies these women a history, as well as their status as political subjects. In this way, protection is provided as a gift which must be reciprocated by giving up other rights.

Media discourses on refugee women are central to understanding the importance of these discursive shifts in the process of politicizing borders.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

----- English Version

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).
 

Bio of the speaker

Mackda Ghebremariam Tesfaù is an early career scholar in the Social Sciences. She completed her PhD at the University of Padua with a thesis titled Why don’t you take them home? Stories of reception between refugees and locals, in which she analyzes racism and anti-racism trying to explicate the link between everyday practices and systems of domination. Mackda is a member of the board of Refugees Welcome, an association committed to the reception of refugees and refugee families, part of the committee of experts and collaborator of the association “Razzismo Brutta Storia”.
 

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, she discusses problems and implications connected with the media coverage of migration, underlying how important legacies and cultural frames today shape the visual information market, which has its own criteria for message recognition. Regardless of whether they are described as invaders or victims, migrants’ individuality is constantly erased through a process of dehumanization. Even NGOs collect pathos, empathy and funds by leveraging people’s desire to feel like saviors. Not only is there no interest to understand the context of migration that brought migrants to Italy, but also people who have lived in the country for years are always spoken of in terms of redemption from a past of existential misfortune.

The functioning of the migrants’ reception system is unknown to the general public: its role as a support network that employs Italian humanists is disregarded, while the famous idea of the welfare cakewalk serves to manipulate and create social tension. Tesfaù highlights the lack of information to dismantle these narratives, as the voice of migrants is absent while sympathetic ones are stigmatized. Indeed, white solidarity is criminalized and dismissed to privatize and depoliticize people’s political positions. In this context, examples such as Cédric Herrou, a French farmer who helped hundreds of migrants cross into France from Italy, and of “no border” movements are emblematic, as they transformed the modalities of political engagement through direct social action.

Tesfaù addresses different issues and discursive strategies that limit productive discussions on migration, missing demographic data on migrants’ countries of origin to the causes of migration. Instead, nurturing rhetorical ploys of parties such as 5Stelle, which have supported the xenophobic and securitarian vision of the Lega by shifting attention to other colonial powers. Within this framework, Tesfaù illustrates the work carried out by associations and public figures through the diffusion of images that depict coexistence with the locals and migrants and refugees’ “normal life”, which challenge negative stereotypes produced within mainstream frames. Even when it comes to the self-representation of people with migrant backgrounds, she underlines the growing number of informal and formal realities that fuel a network of activists, artists, influencers who bring forward a different idea of Italianness – such as the Italian-American singer Loretta Grace.

However, the activism of non-white people remains rather unknown to the mainstream world. Apart from the exception of the “Sardine nere”, other groups such as the “Italiani senza cittadinanza” (Italians without citizenship) and other migrant movements have not received media coverage; this is not trivial disinterest, but rather a responsible silence.

Este podcast faz parte da série de 28 podcasts realizados sobre o caso português e italiano no âmbito do projeto de investigação de 36 meses (2018-2021)

(De)Othering: Desconstruindo o Risco e a Alteridade: guiões hegemónicos e contra-narrativas sobre migrantes/refugiados e “Outros internos” nas paisagens mediáticas em Portugal e na Europa, que pretendeu analisar criticamente representações mediáticas de migrantes, refugiados e “outros internos” em Portugal e na Europa, mapeando as suas interconexões com narrativas produzidas no domínio da segurança e no quadro da Guerra ao Terrorismo. O seu foco, uma análise de Portugal à luz de estudos de caso europeus profundamente afetados por ameaças terroristas (Reino Unido e França) e por fluxos migratórios/de refugiados (Itália e Alemanha), pretende investigar a construção de narrativas transnacionais de risco que permeiam a Europa independentemente da sua exposição “diferenciada”.

O projeto foi financiado pelo pelo FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) e por fundos nacionais através da FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Referencia Projeto: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997)

This podcast is part of a series of  28 podcasts produced on the Portuguese and the Italian cases as outputs of the research undertaken in the 36 months project (2018-2021) (De)Othering: Deconstructing Risk and Otherness: hegemonic scripts and counter-narratives on migrants/refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portuguese and European mediascapes that sets out to critically examine media representations on migrants, refugees and ‘internal Others’ in Portugal and across Europe while mapping out their interconnections with particular narratives in the field of security and within the War on Terror. Its focus – an analysis of Portugal in the light of other European cases affected by terrorist threats (United Kingdom and France) and by migrant/refugee flows (Italy and Germany) – aims to explore the construction of transnational narratives of risk pervading Europe regardless of the ‘differential’ exposure to them.

The project was funded by FEDER – European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT in the framework of the project 029997 (Reference: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029997).

Bio of the speaker

Maria de Azevedo Brito is co-founder of Ambigular and coordinator of the “Travessia” project. She worked in China between 2015 and 2020, implementing cultural projects for social inclusion, having previously developed storytelling projects in Turkey and Palestine. Graduated in Law, with experience in refugee law and human rights.

Summary of the podcast

In this episode, Maria de Azevedo Brito discusses her project Ambigular, an organization specialized in storytelling, with national as well as international activities, now part of a social incubation of Casa do Impacto. Their main activity in Portugal, “Travessia”, is a result of a three-month story-telling initiative in which a group of refugee women from different countries - Nigeria, Irak, Sudan and South Sudan - participated. The general idea of Ambigular, as one of the project creators reports in this episode, is that it is urgent to create safe spaces in which refugees can share their own stories and narratives. First-person narratives create a more authentic representation different from mainstream media discourses that often produce and reinforce stereotypes and false ideas about migration that can fortify ideas of Otherness. As participants recount episodes of trauma and violence that are circumscribed in their bodies and experiences, Ambigular’s creators seek to partner with other organizations that are able to provide psychological support to participants. In Portugal, this collaboration took place with Adolescere, an institute that aims to promote improvement of the quality of life of the population vulnerable to social risk, in this case refugee women-led, single-parent families. 

Maria reports that two of the biggest challenges of the project were the pandemic and language barriers. The pandemic prevented the project from taking place in-person, which allows for a more intimate and welcoming space and greater trust and openness during the sessions. As for the linguistic issues, these were overcome with the help of a cultural mediator, who was also a refugee from Sudan and, due to similar experiences. During the sessions, the participants created different narrative structures, with characters and conflicts, and after that, they could choose which story they wanted to share. Originally, eight women participated in the sessions, but just six decided to continue the process. In these six episodes of Travessia, through subjective and impactful reports, gendered narratives of migration are constructed and highlight a side that often remains invisible in migration and refugee crisis narratives in a much more accessible way than academic articles. 

Ficha técnica:
Indicativo com voz de João André Oliveira e música de Tiago Sarafado
Entrevista: Miguel Cardina e Bruno Sena Martins
Locução e realização: Inês Nascimento Rodrigues
Pós-produção: José Gomes

A convidada do programa de julho é Elsa Peralta. Doutorada em Antropologia e investigadora FCT do Centro de Estudos Comparatistas da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa. O seu trabalho baseia-se em perspetivas da antropologia, estudos da memória e estudos pós-coloniais e centra-se na intersecção entre os modos privados e públicos de recordação de eventos passados, nomeadamente dos passados coloniais.

Ficha técnica:
Indicativo com voz de João André Oliveira e música de Tiago Sarafado.
Entrevista e realização: Vasco Martins.
Locução: Inês Rodrigues
Pós-produção: José Gomes.

A convidada do 2ª programa é Marissa Moorman, Professora de História de África e Estudos de Média e Cinema no departamento de História da Universidade do Indiana. É autora de Intonations: a Social History of Music and Nation in Luanda, 1945-Recent Times, publicado em 2008 pela Ohio University Press, e está a escrever um novo livro intitulado Powerful Frequencies: Radio, State Power, and the Cold War in Angola, 1931-2002, que será publicado pela mesma editora. Marissa Moorman é ainda membro do conselho editorial da revista Radical History Review e do muito popular blog Africa is a Country, onde é também contribuidora.

Ficha técnica:
Indicativo com voz de João André Oliveira e música de Tiago Sarafado.
Entrevista Vasco Martins.
Locução/Realização: Inês Rodrigues e Vasco Martins.
Pós-produção: Vasco Martins.

O convidado da primeira edição é o cabo-verdiano Carlos Reis, presidente da Associação de Combatentes da Liberdade da Pátria, ACOLP, ex-ministro da Educação, Cultura e Juventude e um dos administradores da Fundação Amílcar Cabral. Carlos Reis formou-se em Portugal no Instituto de Ciências Sociais e Política Ultramarina, de onde parte, em 1969, com destino à luta armada desencadeada pelo PAIGC na Guiné-Bissau. No quadro dessa luta, leciona na Escola Piloto, integra a Frente Leste, foi comandante das Forças Armadas Revolucionárias do Povo, desempenhou funções na Marinha e atuou também na mobilização de cabo-verdianos no exterior.

Ficha técnica:
Indicativo com voz de João André Oliveira e música de Tiago Sarafado.
Entrevista por Miguel Cardina e Inês Rodrigues.
Locução/Realização: Inês Rodrigues
Pós-produção: José Gomes.

Arnaldo Nogueira Mazzei is a Ph.D. in Social Sciences (1996) and a Masters in Political Science (1990) at the Institute of Philosophy and Human Sciences at the University of Campinas (Unicamp- IFCH). He is currently the associate teacher, University of São Paulo (USP) and the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC -SP) and researcher in the field of Labour Relations and Human Resources in Globalization Process. He is the author of an extensive bibliographic work in the area of labor relations, globalization, human resources, unions, public sector and others. This interview was conducted by Saulo Aristides, a doctoral student in Sociology- Labor Relations, Social Inequality, and Trade Unionism.[EN]

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Iolanda Vasile, investigadora júnior do Centro de Estudos Sociais.[PT]

Bogdan C. Iacob holds a Ph.D. in history from Central European University with a dissertation entitled Stalinism, Historians, and the Nation. History-Production in Communism Romania 1955-1966. He was research fellow at several academic institutions, most recently Imre Kertész Kolleg (Jena) and the Center of Advanced Studies (Sofia). From October 2014, he will be research fellow at New Europe College (Bucharest). He published numerous articles on the political and cultural history of the state socialism, history-writing in Eastern Europe, and on dealing with the communist past. Among these are: “Revisiting Romanian History Through Concepts,” Contributions to the History of Concepts, vol. 9, no. 2, 2014; “The Communist Regime in Romania. Interpretation or Condemnation?,” Südosteuropa-Mitteilungen, vol. 54, no. 2, 2014; “Is It Transnational? A New Perspective in the Study of Communism”, East Central Europe, vol. 40, no.1 (2013). He is co-editor with Vladimir Tismaneanu of The End and the Beginning. The Revolutions of 1989 and the Resurgence of History (CEU Press, 2012) and Remembrance, History, and Justice. Dealing With the Past in Democratic Societies (CEU Press, 2014).

This interview was carried out by Iolanda Vasile, junior researcher at Centre for Social Studies.[EN]

Victoria Chenaut, actual titular de la Cátedra México del Centro de Estudos Sociais da Universidade de Coimbra, es Licenciada en Historia (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina), Magister en Sociología Rural (Universidad de Wisconsin, Estados Unidos) y Doctora en Ciencias Sociales (El Colegio de Michoacán, México). Es investigadora del CIESAS (Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, México) desde 1987. Actualmente trabaja en la línea de investigación de la antropología jurídica, continuando su trabajo doctoral titulado “Honor, disputas y usos del derecho entre los totonacas del Distrito Judicial de Papantla”.
Esta entrevista fue realizada por Natacha Guala y Ximena Ron Erráez, alumnas del Programa de Doctorado Derecho, Justicia y Ciudadanía en el Siglo XXI (4° Ed.) de la Universidad de Coimbra.

[ES]

José Dari Krein holds an MA (2000) and a Ph.D. (2007) in Social and Labour Economics from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). He is currently a Professor at the Economics Institute of UNICAMP and researcher at CESIT – Center for Trade Union Studies and Labour Economics. His main areas of interest are: trade unionism, labour regulation, productive restructuring, collective bargaining.
This interview was carried out by Hugo Dias, researcher at CES.[EN]

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Katia Cardoso, Investigadora do CES.[PT]

Redy Wilson Lima is graduated in Sociology (ULHT, Portugal and FCSH-UNL, Portugal), PhD student  in Urban Studies (FCSH-UNL/ISCTE-IUL, Portugal), associate researcher in the workgroup Globalization and Development CESA / ISEG-UTL (Portugal), member of CODESRIA (Senegal) and assistant visiting professor at the Institute of Social and Legal Sciences (Cape Verde). He has conducted research in Praia (Cape Verde), focusing on youth issues, crime and urban culture. With publications on street gangs, childhood and rap music in Cape Verde. Currently developing an independent research on the processes of identification and forms of social and political participation of young people in Cape Verde.

This interview was carried out by Katia Cardoso,  researcher at CES.[EN]

A investigação de Crysler concentra-se na história da teoria arquitetónica, e no papel da arquitetura em processos como o nacionalismo, a globalização, e a política cultural da diferença. O seu primeiro livro, "Writing Spaces: Discourses of Architecture, Urbanism and the Built Environment, 1960-2000", foi publicado pela Routledge em 2003, e examina os debates sobre o espaço e a teoria social no contexto de publicações académicas em várias disciplinas do ambiente construído desde 1960. Crysler é co-editor, com Stephen Cairns e Hilde Heynen, do "Sage Handbook of Architectural Theory", publicado pela Sage em 2012. Esta grande coleção inclui mais de 40 capítulos de investigação original de investigadores proeminentes de todo o mundo. A antologia examina questões contemporâneas na teoria arquitetónica a partir de perspetivas transculturais, comparativas e interdisciplinares.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Tiago Castela, Investigador do CES.[PT]

Greig Crysler is an Associate Professor in the Department of Architecture of the University of California, Berkeley. He obtained his professional degree in Architecture from the Architectural Association in London, and has extensive experience in architectural practice in Canada and the UK. He completed his Ph.D. in the Graduate Program in Architectural History and Theory, at the State University of New York at Binghamton. He teaches introductory courses in architectural theory and criticism, and graduate seminars that explore the relationship between architecture and social processes such as nationalism, globalization and the politics of identity. In 2010, he launched a new class at the intersection of architecture, ethics, and activism. Crysler was Program Director of the "Arcus Endowment" of the College of Environmental Design (CED) for a decade. During that time, he oversaw the development of an international awards program for critical and creative activity at the intersection of gender, sexuality, and the built environment. He coordinated the annual "Arcus Endowment" Lecture, and worked with students and faculty to develop numerous events and public programs at CED around LGBTQ issues.

Crysler’s research focuses on the history of architectural theory, and the role of architecture in processes such as nationalism, globalization, and the cultural politics of difference. His first book, "Writing Spaces: Discourses of Architecture, Urbanism, and the Built Environment, 1960-2000", was published by Routledge in 2003, and examines debates on space and social theory in the context of scholarly journals from across the built environment disciplines since 1960. Crysler is co-editor, with Stephen Cairns and Hilde Heynen, of the "Sage Handbook of Architectural Theory", published by Sage in 2012. This major collection contains over 40 chapters of original research by prominent scholars from around the world. The "Handbook" addresses contemporary issues in architectural theory from standpoints that are cross-cultural, comparative and interdisciplinary in outlook.

This interview was carried out by Tiago Castela, researcher at CES.[EN]

Publicou livros no Brasil, Itália, Inglaterra, Espanha, Argentina, Colômbia e Venezuela. É autor, entre outros, de Adeus ao trabalho? (1995), Os sentidos do trabalho (1999) e O caracol e sua concha (2005). Organizou ainda os livros Riqueza e miséria do trabalho no Brasil (2007) e Infoproletários: a degradação real do trabalho virtual (2009). Esteve em Portugal para o lançamento da edição portuguesa de Os sentidos do trabalho, incluido na coleção CES/Almedina.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Hugo dias, Investigador do CES, e por Isabel Roque, doutoranda da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra.[PT]

Ricardo Antunes is Professor of Sociology of Work at the Institute of Philosophy and Human Sciences, State University of Campinas ( Unicamp ). He was Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Sussex, England. He has a PhD in Sociology by the University of São Paulo (1986 ) and a Masters in Political Science by IFCH - UNICAMP (1980). He received the award Zeferino Vaz from UNICAMP (2003 ) and the Chair Florestan Fernandes from CLACSO (2002 ).

With books published in Brazil, Italy, England, Spain, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela, he is the author of, among others, Adeus ao Trabalho? (1995), Os Sentidos do Trabalho (1999) and O caracol e sua concha (2005). Ricardo Antunes also organized the books Rique e miséria do trabalho no Brasil (2007) and Infoproletários: a degradação real do trabalho virtual (2009). He came to Portugal for the book launch of the Portuguese edition of Os sentidos do trabalho, included in the collection CES/ Almedina.

This interview was carried out by Hugo Dias, researcher at CES, and by Isabel Roque, PhD candidate at the Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.[EN]

Neste Podcast, V.Y.Mudimbe discute as principais referências que moldaram o seu trabalho, Questionando a noção de ‘pecado original’ formulada por Sartre, Mudimbe centra a conversa sobre as abordagens fenomenológicas às questões de identidade, da relação com o Outro e de conflitos de interpretação.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Catarina Gomes, Investigadora do CES.[PT]

V.Y. Mudimbe is a philosopher, professor, and author of innumerous academic and literary works. He is currently the Newman Ivey White Professor of Literature at Duke University. From his extensive academic production, it must be emphasized the essays and studies concerning epistemology, phenomenology and structuralism, and also the critical analysis regarding the ways in which historical and anthropological dominant epistemological models influence knowledge production about Africa and correspondent representative practices. Among his most important work are The Invention of Africa (1988) and The Idea of Africa (1994).

In this Podcast, V. Y. Mudimbe discusses the main references that influenced His work. By questioning the notion of ‘original sin’, formulated by Sartre, Mudimbe focus on the phenomenological approaches to identity, relation with Other and conflicts of interpretation.

This interview was carried out by Catarina Gomes,  researcher at CES.[EN]

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Iolanda Vasile, Investigadora Júnior do Centro de Estudos Sociais.[PT]

Gabriel Gatti es profesor titular de sociología en la universidad del País Vasco, donde enseña teoría sociológica y sociología de la identidad. Es el coordinador del Centro de Estudios sobre la Identidad Colectiva, donde dirige una línea de investigación sobre la identidad de la víctima, y co-responsable del comité de investigación nº1 (Identidad, espacio y política), de la Asociación Internacional de Sociólogos en Lengua Francesa (AISLF).

Esta entrevista fue realizada por Iolanda Vasile, Investigadora Junior del Centro de Estudios Sociales.[ES]

Gabriel Gatti is professor of social theory at the University of the Basque Country, where he teaches sociological theory and sociology of identity. He coordinates the Collective Identity Research Centre, where he is the head of research on the identity of the victim. He is co-head of the no. 1 Research Committee (Identity, space and politics), of the International Association of French-speaking Sociologists (AISLF).

This interview was carried out by Iolanda Vasile, junior researcher at Centre for Social Studies.[EN]

Colabora com a televisão italiana no programa C'era una volta e é o editor do mwinda (www.mwinda.org), um website de geopolítica sobre África. Em 2009, ganhou o prémio Indro Montanelli pela sua publicação A sud di Lampedusa e, em 2010, o prémio L'Anello Debole pela sua reportagem L'inferno dei bimbi Stregoni. É o autor dos livros Lo Stivale meticcio, um guia crítico que documenta a condição dos imigrantes estrangeiros contemporâneos em Itália, e Um di sud Lampedusa, uma exploração inovadora dos percursos da imigração africana sub-sahariana para a Europa Ocidental. É o vencedor do prémio Luchetta 2008 e do prémio Carletti 2010.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Iside Gjergji, Investigadora do Centro de Estudos Sociais.[PT]

Stefano Liberti is an award-winning writer and director. Liberti is a journalist at the foreign desk of the Italian daily newspaper il manifesto. His articles have also appeared on Italian current affair magazines such as Geo, L'Espresso, Ventiquattro, and international papers such as El País Semanal, Le Monde diplomatique.

He collaborates for Al Jazeera, the TV programme C'era una volta and is the editor of mwinda, a geopolitical website about Africa (www.mwinda.org). In 2009 he won the Indro Montanelli prize for his book A sud di Lampedusa; in 2010 he won the L'Anello Debole prize for his reportage L'inferno dei bimbi stregoni. He is the author of two books: Lo stivale meticcio, a short critical guide documenting the condition of contemporary foreign immigrants in Italy, and A sud di Lampedusa, a groundbreaking exploration of the routes of Sub-Saharan African migrations to Western Europe. He is the winner of the 2008 Luchetta Prize, 2010 Carletti Prize.

This interview was conducted by Iside Gjergji, Researcher at the Centre for Social Studies.[EN]

Tem procurado, ao longo do seu percurso, desenvolver uma teoria e uma análise do direito partir de uma abordagem aberta, crítica, relacional e transdisciplinar, o que tem vindo a convergir com a agenda de investigação conduzida em diferentes domínios no quadro do Centro de Estudos Sociais. Nesta entrevista, confere particular atenção ao novo constitucionalismo transformador, à diversidade cultural e nacional e aos desafios colocados pela emergência de uma nova ordem constitucional no contexto latino-americano.

Esta entrevista foi realizada  por Tiago Ribeiro, Investigador Júnior do Centro de Estudos Sociais.[PT]

Fernando Dantas is an internationally recognized scholar with a long collaboration with the Centre for Social Studies. He has a Master and a PhD in Social Relations Law from the Federal University of Paraná (Brazil), and he is also Professor of Theory of Law at the University of Goiás (Brazil). He is a member of the coordination of the Centre for Social Studies Latin-America - CES AL and a member of the Scientific Board of the Observatory on Brazilian Justice.

Throughout his career, he has sought to develop a theory and analysis of law from an open, critical, relational and transdisciplinary approach, which has been converging with the research agenda conducted in different areas within the Centre for Social Studies. In this interview, Fernando Dantas gives particular attention to the new transformative constitutionalism, the cultural and national diversity and the challenges posed by the emergence of a new constitutional order in the Latin American context.

This interview was conducted by Tiago Ribeiro, Junior Researcher at the Centre for Social Studies.[EN] ]]> Fri, 05 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT canalces_7267 https://saladeimprensa.ces.uc.pt/index.php?col=canalces&id=7128 Robert Rustem é atualmente o Secretário Executivo do European Roma and Travellers Forum. As suas recentes intervenções têm apontado para o crescimento da Romaphobia e do ódio étnico na Europa. Partindo do ressurgimento da intolerância contra as comunidades Roma e, consequentemente, perante a possibilidade da emergência de conflitos violentos, as contribuições de Robert Rustem têm procurado estabelecer um verdadeiro diálogo intercultural.

Arzu Merali é diretora e co-fundadora da Islamic Huma Rights Comission, em Londres, onde trabalha enquanto ativista dedicada. Enquanto investigadora e autora, tem publicado sobre  feminismo islâmico, representações mediáticas, teoria crítica racial, comunicação intercultural e pensamento decolonial.

Sandew Hira é economista e diretor do International Institute for Scientific Research nos Países-Baixos. As suas inúmeras publicações têm incidido sobre as lutas anticoloniais no Suriname e sobre as migrações nos Países-Baixos. Presentemente está a desenvolver uma enciclopédia centrada na história colonial do Suriname. Sandew Hira é igualmente reconhecido pela sua entusiástica dedicação sobre o pensamento decolonial.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Olivier Guiot, Carla Paiva e Pedro Sousa Almeida, investigadores júniores do CES.[PT]

Sandew Hira is an economist and the Director of the International Institute for Scientific Research in the Netherlands. He has published extensively on the anti-colonial struggles in Suriname and migration in the Netherlands. He is currently developing an Encyclopedia which focuses on the Colonial history of Suriname. He is also known for engaging enthusiastically with Decolonial Thought.

Robert Rustem is the current Executive Secretary of the European Roma and Travellers Forum. Recent interventions point to a rise of Romaphobia and ethnic hatred in Europe. His suggestions of a resurgent intolerance in Europe against Roma communities in particular and the nascent possibilities for conflict/violence aim to bring valuable insight to the dialogical interchange.

Arzu Merali is the Director and Co-founder of the Islamic Human Rights Commission, based in London, where she works as a committed activist. As a researcher and writer, she has published on Islamic Feminism, Media representations, Critical Race Theory, Intercultural Communication and Decolonial Thought.

This interview was carried out by Olivier Guiot, Carla Paiva and Pedro Sousa Almeida, junior researchers at CES.[EN]

José Forjaz foi professor visitante na Universidade da Pensilvânia em Filadélfia e na Universidade da Califórnia em San Diego, nos Estados Unidos da América; na Universidade Sapienza de Roma e no Instituto Universitário de Arquitetura de Veneza, em Itália; na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Cidade do Cabo, na África do Sul; e na Faculdade de Arquitetura do CEPT de Ahmedabad, na Índia . Recebeu em 1989 o primeiro Prémio Ralph Erskine da Fundação Ruth e Ralph Erskine de Estocolmo, na Suécia.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Tiago Castela,  Investigador do CES [PT]

José Forjaz is a Mozambican architect, originally from Portugal. Born in the city of Coimbra in 1936, he emigrated to the then Portuguese colony of Mozambique in 1952. He concluded his studies in architecture at the School of Fine Arts in Porto, Portugal in 1966. Two years later he graduated from Columbia University in New York with a Master of Science in Architecture. In the same year of 1968 he moved back to southern Africa to open his own office in Mbabane, the capital of newly independent Swaziland. In 1975 he returned to Mozambique, becoming a member of the first government after political independence. He was an adviser to the Minister for Public Works and Housing, National Director for Housing, and the State Secretary for Physical Planning. In 1998 he became the Director of the Faculty of Architecture and Physical Planning of Eduardo Mondlane University in Maputo (the capital of Mozambique).

José Forjaz was visiting professor at the University of Pennsylvania and at the University of California, San Diego, in the United States of America; at the Sapienza University of Rome and at the Venice University Institute of Architecture, in Italy; at the School of Architecture in Cape Town, South Africa; and at the Faculty of Architecture at the Center for Environmental Planning and Technology University in Ahmedabad, India. He was the co-recipient of the first Ralph Erskine Award of the Ruth and Ralph Erskine Foundation of Stockholm, Sweden in 1989.

This interview was carried out by Tiago Castela,  researcher at CES[EN]

O Professor Standing é um membro fundador e co-presidente da Rede Mundial do Rendimento Básico (Basic Income Earth Network – BIEN), uma organização internacional não-governamental que promove o rendimento básico, cujos membros incluem economistas, filósofos e outros cientistas sociais provenientes de mais de 40 países. Foi, até Março de 2006, diretor de diversas Equipas e Programas da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT). 

Escreveu e editou livros sobre economia do trabalho, políticas do mercado de trabalho, desemprego, flexibilidade do mercado de trabalho, políticas de
ajustamento estrutural, e políticas de proteção social. O seu livro mais recente intitula-se The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class (London and New York, Bloomsbury Academic, 2011).

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Elísio Estanque e Hugo dias, Investigadores do CES, e por Isabel Roque, doutoranda da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra.[PT]

Guy Standing is Professor of Development Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London. From August 2006 until January 2013, he was Professor of Economic Security at the University of Bath in the UK. Between April 2006 and February 2009, he was also Professor of Labour Economics at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. He has a doctorate in economics from the University of Cambridge and a master’s degree in industrial relations from the University of Illinois.

Professor Standing is a founder member and co-president of the Basic Income Earth Network (BIEN), an international non-governmental organisation that promotes basic income, whose members include economists, philosophers and other social scientists from over 40 countries.  Until March 2006, he was Director of several Teams and Programs of the International Labour Organisation (ILO).

He has written and edited books on labour economics, labour market policy, unemployment, labour market flexibility, structural adjustment policies, and social protection policy. His most recent book is The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class (London and New York, Bloomsbury Academic, 2011).

This interview was carried out by Elísio Estanque and Hugo Dias, researchers at CES, and by Isabel Roque, PhD candidate at the Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.[EN]

Peter Taylor is a Professor at the University of Massachusetts Boston and director of the Critical and Creative Thinking (CCT) Graduate Program. He also directs the Program in Science, Technology and Values (STV). Peter Taylor conducted research in agriculture in Australia before earning a PhD in Ecology at Harvard University in 1985.  Since then his publications have spanned ecology and environmental studies, social and philosophical studies of science, critical pedagogy and reflective practice, and have included 3 books, 29 papers, and 20 book chapters with over 1100 citations.
This interview was carried out by Irina Castro, junior researchers at CES.[EN]

Ulrike Schultz is a lawyer, senior academic at the FernUniversität Hagen, specialized on questions of gender and law. She has published widely in these fields, namely, Women in the World´s Legal Professions (2003) and Women in the Judiciary (2012).
This interview was carried out by Ana Oliveira, junior researchers at CES.

Thomas F. Reese is the Executive Director of the Stone Center of Latin American Studies of the Tulane University, where in addition he teaches courses in art history in the Art Department. His scholarship and publications include the edition of “Studies in Ancient and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler” (1985). His most recent research focuses on images and identity in turn of the century Argentina and Mexico, and he is presently completing a book on George Kubler’s work.
This interview was carried out by Eliana Sousa Santos.

Robert Doyle Bullard (born December 21, 1946, Elba, Alabama) is Dean of the Barbara Jordan-Mickey Leland School of Public Affairs at Texas Southern University. Previously Ware Professor of Sociology and Director of the Environmental Justice Resource Center at Clark Atlanta University, Bullard is known as the 'father of environmental justice'. He has been a leading campaigner against environmental racism, as well as the foremost scholar of the problem, and of the Environmental Justice Movement which sprung up in the United States in the 1980s.
This interview was carried out by Stefania Barca, researcher at CES.

Smaïn Laacher, sociologist of migrations, Bourdieu’s and Abdelmalek Sayad colleague, he teaches at the EHESS, in Paris. Laacher is the author of several books and articles about migrations in Europe. His work is pioneer in the study of women’s  trajectories of migration from the Maghreb to Europe. His research focus mainly on the violence of the state, symbolic violence in immigration contexts and irregular migrations.
This interview was carried out by Elsa Lechner and Iside Gjergji, researchers at CES.

Ann Stewart is Associate Professor in Law and Director of the International Development Law and Human Rights Programme at the University of Warwick. She was the UK Director of the Indo British Gender and Law Studies project, which involved working with the National Judicial Academy of the Supreme Court of India. Ann Stewart has recently published the book "Gender, Law and Justice in a Global Market"; and authors and co-authors several articles in international scientific journals.
This interview was carried out by Patrícia Branco, Researcher at CES.

Raymond Torres is currently the Director of the International Institute for Labour Studies of the International Labor Organization. He is responsible for its annual ‘World of Work Report’, one of ILO’s most important socioeconomic publications. Before joining the ILO, he held several relevant positions as an economist, both in OCDE and in academia. Raymond Torres is also Assistant Professor at the University of Paris-Dauphine and author of several relevant economic studies mostly related to labor market dynamics and globalization.
This interview was carried out by João Rodrigues, Researcher at CES.

Alessandro Ferrara is Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Rome “Tor Vergata” and has served as President of the Italian Association for Political Philosophy until 2010. Professor Ferrara graduated in Philosophy in Italy in 1975 and he received his Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1984. His most prominent publications are: "The Force of the Example: Explorations in the Paradigm of Judgment", published by Columbia University Press in 2008; "Justice and Judgment: The Rise and the Prospect of the Judgment Model in Contemporary Political Philosophy", published in 1999 as well as "Reflective Authenticity: Rethinking the Project of Modernity", published in 1998. Professor Ferrara is currently preparing a book whose working title is "The Democratic Horizon: Openness, Hyperpluralism and the Renewal of Political Liberalism".
This interview was carried out by Mathias Thaler and Mihaela Mihai, both researchers at CES.

Filipe Duarte Santos is Professor of Physics at the Department of Sciences, the University of Lisbon. Since the 1980s, he has been working within the field of Environmental Sciences and especially on issues of Global and Climate Change. He has served as visiting professor in various universities in Europe and the US.  He published over 120 scientific articles and, in 1991, coordinated the first and only White Paper on the State of the Environment in Portugal.  Since 1998 Prof. Duarte Santos is part of the National Council for Environment and Sustainable Development and is an active member of the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon. In 2008 he was awarded the University of Lisbon Prize, in recognition of his scientific career and his contribution to the development of public policies in the areas of the Environment and Sustainable Development. Prof. Filipe Duarte Santos was a keynote speaker in the international conference 'Portugal between Disquiets and Challenges', organised at CES between the 17th and 18th of February 2011. He presented his contribution in the panel entitled ‘Reinventing the economy and living well'.
This interview was carried out by Tiago Santos Pereira and Rita Serra, both researchers at CES.

O Professor deSouza tem atuado como  consultor do Banco Mundial para a Descentralização Rural e para a questão dos Dalits, Discriminação, e a Luta pela Igualdade de Cidadania; da Fundação Ford sobre o Governo Local na Índia; da IDEA Internacional na preparação do manual sobre Avaliação da Democracia; da Inter-União parlamentar na preparação do Manual de Parlamento no século XXI; da ICNRD-5 na sua avaliação Democracia da Mongólia; e ainda do PNUD no estudo sobre a Violência Eleitoral.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por Maria Paula Meneses, investigadora do CES, e por Jason Fernandes.
 

Peter Ronald D'Souza is currently the director of the Indian Institute of Advanced Study (IIAS). Prior to this he was Senior Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) where he was Co-Director of the Lokniti programme on Comparative Democracy. Professor D'Souza taught political science at Goa University for 16 years and headed the department from 1996 to 2002. He also been one of the three principal investigators of a five nation study published by Oxford University Press on the State of Democracy in South Asia (2006). He was a member of the International Political Science Association's Research Committee on Political Philosophy and Political Sociology, and was a member of the University Grants Commission's expert panel on Political Science. He has been a visiting scholar in various universities, such as the Birkbeck College, London University, the Taubman Centre, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. In addition to numerous articles he has edited several books, including India's Political Parties, (Sage, 2006) and Speaking of Gandhi’s Death (with Tripid Suhrud, Orient BlackSwan, 2010).

Professor D’Souza has been a consultant to the World Bank on Rural Decentralization and on Dalits, Discrimination, and the Struggle for Equal Citizenship, to Ford Foundation on Local Government in India, to International IDEA in preparing their handbook on Democracy Assessment, to the Inter-Parliamentary Union in preparing their Handbook on Parliament in the twenty-first Century, to ICNRD-5 in their Democracy Assessment of Mongolia, and to UNDP in their study on Electoral Violence.

This interview was carried out by Maria Paula Meneses, researcher at CES, and Jason Fernandes.

Esta entrevista foi realizada por João Rodrigues, Investigador no CES.

Sociologist and economist, Jean-Louis Laville is professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM). He has been researching and publishing on the relationship between economy and society and in particular on economic sociology, social economy and solidarity economy at the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire pour la Sociologie Economique (Lise-CNAME CNRS, Paris) and is the European coordinator of the Karl Polanyi Institute of Political Economy.

This interview was carried out by João Rodrigues, Researcher at CES.

Yvette Taylor is Professor in Social and Policy Studies and Head of the Weeks Centre, London South Bank University. She has held a Fulbright Scholarship at Rutgers University (2010-11). Books include Working-Class Lesbian Life: Classed Outsiders (Palgrave, 2007), Lesbian and Gay Parenting: Securing Social and Educational Capitals (Palgrave, 2009), and Fitting Into Place? Class and Gender Geographies and Temporalities (Ashgate, 2011). Edited collections include Classed Intersections: Spaces, Selves, Knowledges (Ashgate, 2010), Educational Diversity (Palgrave, 2012) and (with S Hines and M Casey) Theorizing Intersectionality and Sexuality (Palgrave, 2010). She has articles in a range of journals including British Journal of the Sociology of Education, European Societies, Sociological Research Online, Sexualities, Feminist Theory. Yvette is currently working on an ESRC standard grant ‘Making space for queer identifying religious youth’. This interview was carried out by Ana Cristina Santos, Researcher at CES.

Escritora portuguesa contemporânea (1949), licenciou-se em Filologia Românica e é professora de Português do Ensino Secundário. Apesar do seu gosto pela poesia, é como ficcionista que é reconhecida como uma das revelações da novelística portuguesa da geração de 1980, embora os seus contos, novelas ou romances estejam sempre impregnados do discurso poético. Estreou-se na poesia com “O Separar das Águas” (1981) e “O Número dos Vivos” (1982).
A novela “Montedemo”, encenada pelo grupo O Bando, dá à autora uma certa notoriedade. Aliás, Hélia Correia revelou, desde cedo, o gosto pelo teatro e pela Grécia clássica, o que a levou a representar em “Édipo Rei” e a escrever “Perdição”, levadas à cena, em 1993, pela Comuna. Escreveu também “Florbela” (1991), que viria a ser encenada pelo grupo Maizum.  Destacam-se ainda na sua produção os romances Casa Eterna e Soma e, na poesia, A Pequena Morte/Esse Eterno Conto. Recebeu em 2002 o prémio PEN 2001, atribuído a obras de ficção, pela sua obra Lillias Fraser. Esta entrevista foi levada a cabo por Maria Irene Ramalho, investigadora do Centro de Estudos Sociais.

Escritora moçambicana nascida em 1955, na província de Gaza, em Moçambique. Iniciou estudos de Linguística na Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, em Maputo, que nunca chegou a concluir. Participou activamente na arena política do seu país como membro da Frelimo (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique), na qual militou durante a juventude, mas que viria a abandonar, descontente com o rumo político do partido no período pós-independência, entre outros no que diz respeito à condição da mulher e a opções económicas.
Contadora de histórias, arte que aprendeu com a sua avó, iniciou a sua actividade literária em 1984, com contos publicados na imprensa moçambicana. São histórias que falam das vivências de tempos difíceis, da esperança, do amor, da mulher e de uma África passada e presente, que a autora soube transferir da oralidade para o papel. Tornou-se a primeira mulher moçambicana a publicar um romance quando lançou o seu primeiro livro, intitulado A Balada de Amor ao Vento, em 1990. “Ventos do Apocalipse” (1993) e o “O Sétimo Juramento” (2000) são outros romances da autora, cuja notoriedade aumentou, dentro e fora do seu país, com o romance “Niketche. Uma História de Poligamia” (2002), pelo qual recebeu o Prémio José Craveirinha (2003), e “O Alegre Canto da Perdiz” (2008), em que aborda o tema do racismo num Moçambique colonial e pós-colonial. Esta entrevista foi levada a cabo por Catarina Martins e Isabel Caldeira, ambas investigadoras do Centro de Estudos Sociais.

Alana Lentin is a Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Sussex within the department's research group on Social Theory and Political Sociology and member of the Sussex Center for Migration Research. She is a political sociologist and social theorist, she works on the critical theorisation of race, racism and anti-racism and have done extensive research into the contemporary politics of (im)migration and collective action for migrants' rights. She is currently focusing on the perceived crisis of multiculturalism both in Europe and in a global perspective with a special focus on interconnections between Europe and India. Her first book is entitled Racism and Anti Racism in Europe (2004), she co-edited Race and State (2006) with Ronit Lentin and her latest book is The Crises of Multiculturalism: Racism in a Neoliberal Age (2011).

Michel Callon is Professor of sociology at the Ecole des Mines de Paris, Director of the Centre for the Sociology of Innovation from 1982 to 1994, and Chairman of the 4S (Society for Social Studies of Science) from 1998-1999 and is one of the «founders» (with Bruno Latour and John Law) of what is known as the Actor-Network Theory or the sociology of translation. His work covers a wide spectrum of issues relative to interrelations between science, technology and society: anthropology of science and technology, socio-economics of innovation, science, technology and democracy, scientometrics and quantitative methods, anthropology of markets and sociology of medicine and health. The interview was made by João Arriscado Nunes and Laura Centemeri both researchers at CES.

Axel Gosseries is a permanent research fellow at the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) and a professor at the University of Louvain. He is an influental scholar in the debate concerning intergenerational justice.  He has published on this topic in journals such as J. of Political Philosophy, Economics & Philosophy, PPE, International Economic Review, Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review, Canadian J. of Philosophy. He is the author of a book on intergenerational justice (Aubier, Paris, 2004) as well as the editor of two books, including Intergenerational Justice (2009, OUP, with Lukas Meyer). In this interview he discusses some of the main theories of intergenerational justice, presenting possible ways of specifying - and promoting compliance with - the demands of such views. The specific challenges - both procedural and substantive - that such proposals have to face are also explored.The interview was made by Laura Centemeri and Mathias Thaler, both researchers at CES. Music by Asad Qizilbash, Vozes do Sul, Muzsikas and Hughes Marechal-distraite.

The interview features Daniel Marc Weinstock, professor of philosophy in the Philosophy Department of the University of Montreal and director of the Centre for Research in Ethics at the same university. His main research interest are in the areas of political philosophy and the ethics of public policy. His publications deal with the foundations of liberalism, nationalism and the constitutionalism of multinational societies. Beside his academic work, Daniel Weinstock has been involved with various ethics commissions and is a strong voice within public debates on cultural diversity in Quebec.
The interview, organized and recorded by Mihaela Mihai (postdocoral researcher at CES), focuses on issues related to the role of the ethicist and of a centre for ethics within a democratic, pluralist society.

The first edition of CES Podcast is an extensive interview with Boaventura de Sousa Santos. In this interview we discuss a broad range of topics: from the relationship between the social scientist and the social world, over the future of the university, to the current economic and political crisis in Europe. João Arriscado Nunes, Daniel Neves and Mathias Thaler asked the questions.